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  2. Hilbert's sixth problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hilbert's_sixth_problem

    Hilbert’s sixth problem was a proposal to expand the axiomatic method outside the existing mathematical disciplines, to physics and beyond. This expansion requires development of semantics of physics with formal analysis of the notion of physical reality that should be done. [9]

  3. List of unsolved problems in physics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_unsolved_problems...

    c (4450), had individual statistical significances of 9 σ and 12 σ, respectively, and a combined significance of 15 σ—enough to claim a formal discovery. The two pentaquark states were both observed decaying strongly to J/ψp , hence must have a valence quark content of two up quarks , a down quark , a charm quark , and an anti-charm quark (

  4. Numerical analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numerical_analysis

    The field of numerical analysis predates the invention of modern computers by many centuries. Linear interpolation was already in use more than 2000 years ago. Many great mathematicians of the past were preoccupied by numerical analysis, [5] as is obvious from the names of important algorithms like Newton's method, Lagrange interpolation polynomial, Gaussian elimination, or Euler's method.

  5. 98.6 °F (37.0 °C) is not the normal or average temperature of the human body. That figure comes from an 1860 study, [295] but modern research shows that the average internal temperature is 36.4 °C (97.5 °F), with small fluctuations. [296] [297] [298] The cells in the human body are not outnumbered 10 to 1 by microorganisms. The 10 to 1 ...

  6. Numerical differentiation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numerical_differentiation

    In fact, all the finite-difference formulae are ill-conditioned [4] and due to cancellation will produce a value of zero if h is small enough. [5] If too large, the calculation of the slope of the secant line will be more accurately calculated, but the estimate of the slope of the tangent by using the secant could be worse. [6]

  7. Olbers's paradox - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olbers's_Paradox

    Olbers's paradox, also known as the dark night paradox or Olbers and Cheseaux's paradox, is an argument in astrophysics and physical cosmology that says the darkness of the night sky conflicts with the assumption of an infinite and eternal static universe.

  8. Lumen (unit) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lumen_(unit)

    The lumen (symbol: lm) is the unit of luminous flux, a measure of the perceived power of visible light emitted by a source, in the International System of Units (SI). ). Luminous flux differs from power (radiant flux), which encompasses all electromagnetic waves emitted, including non-visible ones such as thermal radiation

  9. Relationship between mathematics and physics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relationship_between...

    [12] From the seventeenth century, many of the most important advances in mathematics appeared motivated by the study of physics, and this continued in the following centuries (although in the nineteenth century mathematics started to become increasingly independent from physics).