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  2. POSIX - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/POSIX

    POSIX mandates 512-byte default block sizes for the df and du utilities, reflecting the typical size of blocks on disks. When Richard Stallman and the GNU team were implementing POSIX for the GNU operating system , they objected to this on the grounds that most people think in terms of 1024 byte (or 1 KiB ) blocks.

  3. tar (computing) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tar_(computing)

    Additionally, versions of tar from before the first POSIX standard from 1988 pad the values with spaces instead of zeroes. The checksum is calculated by taking the sum of the unsigned byte values of the header record with the eight checksum bytes taken to be ASCII spaces (decimal value 32). It is stored as a six digit octal number with leading ...

  4. df (Unix) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Df_(Unix)

    The Single Unix Specification (SUS) specifies by original space is reported in blocks of 512 bytes, and that at a minimum, the file system names and the amount of free space. The use of 512-byte units is historical practice and maintains compatibility with ls and other utilities. This does not mandate that the file system itself be based on 512 ...

  5. 512-bit computing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/512-bit_computing

    In computer architecture, 512-bit integers, memory addresses, or other data units are those that are 512 bits (64 octets) wide. Also, 512-bit central processing unit (CPU) and arithmetic logic unit (ALU) architectures are those that are based on registers , address buses , or data buses of that size.

  6. Comparison of file systems - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_file_systems

    POSIX file permissions Creation timestamps Last access/ read timestamps Last metadata change timestamps ... 33,554,432 bytes (65536 * 512) 33,554,432 bytes? SquashFS:

  7. File Allocation Table - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_Allocation_Table

    The fixed assumption of 8 sectors per clusters on hard disks practically limited the maximum partition size to 16 MB for 512 byte sectors and 4 KB clusters. The BIOS Parameter Block ( BPB ) was introduced with PC DOS 2.0 as well, and this version also added read-only, archive , volume label , and directory attribute bits for hierarchical sub ...

  8. Orders of magnitude (data) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orders_of_magnitude_(data)

    160 bits (20 bytes) – maximum key length of the SHA-1, standard Tiger (hash function), and Tiger2 cryptographic message digest algorithms 2 8: 256 bits (32 bytes) – minimum key length for the recommended strong cryptographic message digests as of 2004 – size of an AVX2 vector register, present on newer x86-64 CPUs 2 9: 512 bits (64 bytes)

  9. Disk sector - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disk_sector

    For most disks, each sector stores a fixed amount of user-accessible data, traditionally 512 bytes for hard disk drives (HDDs), and 2048 bytes for CD-ROMs, DVD-ROMs and BD-ROMs. [1] Newer HDDs and SSDs use 4096 byte (4 KiB) sectors, which are known as the Advanced Format (AF). The sector is the minimum storage unit of a hard drive. [2]