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Chemical or Molecular nephrocalcinosis: Defined as a measurable increase in intracellular calcium concentrations, however, it is not visible through X-ray or microscopically. [1] Microscopic nephrocalcinosis: Occurs when depositis are visible by light microscope by obtaining a tissue sample from a biopsy. However, this cannot be seen in an X-ray.
Phosphate nephropathy or nephrocalcinosis [1] is an adverse renal condition that arises with a formation of phosphate crystals within the kidney's tubules. This renal insufficiency is associated with the use of oral sodium phosphate (OSP) such as C.B. Fleet's Phospho soda and Salix's Visocol, for bowel cleansing prior to a colonoscopy.
The most common cause of primary hyperparathyroidism is a sporadic, single parathyroid adenoma [5] resulting from a clonal mutation (~97%). Less common are parathyroid hyperplasia [6] (~2.5%), parathyroid carcinoma (malignant tumor), and adenomas in more than one gland (together ~0.5%).Primary hyperparathyroidism is also a feature of several familial endocrine disorders: Multiple endocrine ...
This condition is usually diagnosed in childhood but may not be recognised until early adulthood. The diagnosis is suspected on the combination of nephrocalcinosis and dental abnormalities. [citation needed]
Dent's disease (or Dent disease) is a rare X-linked recessive inherited condition that affects the proximal renal tubules [1] of the kidney.It is one cause of Fanconi syndrome, and is characterized by tubular proteinuria, excess calcium in the urine, formation of calcium kidney stones, nephrocalcinosis, and chronic kidney failure.
Nephrocalcinosis, renal failure, ocular/hearing defects, polyruria, polydipsia, recurrent urinary tract infections, recurrent renal colic, normotensive Plasma: ↓Mg, ↑PTH; Urine: ↑Ca, ↑Mg Distal Tubule / Collecting Duct
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Chronic hypercalciuria may lead to impairment of renal function, nephrocalcinosis, and chronic kidney disease. Patients with hypercalciuria have kidneys that excrete higher levels of calcium than normal, for which there are many possible causes. Calcium may come from one of two paths: through the gut where higher than normal levels of calcium ...