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Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a burning, tingling or scalding sensation in the mouth, lasting for at least four to six months, with no underlying known dental or medical cause. [3] [7] No related signs of disease are found in the mouth. [3]
Angina bullosa haemorrhagica is a condition of the mucous membranes characterized by the sudden appearance of one or more blood blisters within the oral cavity. [1]: 808 The lesions, which may be caused by mild trauma to the mouth tissues such as hot foods, typically rupture quickly and heal without scarring or further discomfort. [2]
The diagnosis is often suspected based on symptoms and a low blood oxygen that does not improve with oxygen therapy. [3] Diagnosis is confirmed by a blood gas. [3] Treatment is generally with oxygen therapy and methylene blue. [3] Other treatments may include vitamin C, exchange transfusion, and hyperbaric oxygen therapy. [3]
Cosmetic deformity is relatively minor, although symptoms may recur in up to 11-13%, of these not all require further treatment. The occurrence of recurrent symptoms is lower (4%) for subtotal parotidectomy. The choice of the surgical procedure is determined by the extent of the disease and the patient’s preference.
Rarely, removal of the submandibular gland may become necessary in cases of recurrent stone formation. Sialolithiasis is common, accounting for about 50% of all disease occurring in the major salivary glands and causing symptoms in about 0.45% of the general population. Persons aged 30–60 and males are more likely to develop sialolithiasis. [2]
Ludwig's angina (Latin: Angina ludovici) is a type of severe cellulitis involving the floor of the mouth [2] and is often caused by bacterial sources. [1] Early in the infection, the floor of the mouth raises due to swelling, leading to difficulty swallowing saliva.
Salivary gland dysfunction affects the flow, amount, or quality of saliva produced. A reduced salivation is termed hyposalivation.Hyposalivation often results in a dry mouth condition called xerostomia, and this can cause tooth decay due to the loss of the protective properties of saliva.
Infectious disease: Symptoms: Fever, sore throat, enlarged lymph nodes in the neck, fatigue [2] Complications: Swelling of the liver or spleen [3] Duration: 2–4 weeks [2] Causes: Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) usually spread via saliva [2] Diagnostic method: Based on symptoms and blood tests [3] Treatment