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Electrocardiography is the process of producing an electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG [a]), a recording of the heart's electrical activity through repeated cardiac cycles. [4] It is an electrogram of the heart which is a graph of voltage versus time of the electrical activity of the heart [ 5 ] using electrodes placed on the skin.
Rapid Interpretation of EKG's is a best-selling textbook for over 30 years [1] that teaches the basics of interpreting electrocardiograms. It adopts a simplistic fill-in-the-blank style [ 2 ] and is suited for medical students and junior residents. [ 1 ]
Cardiac monitoring generally refers to continuous or intermittent monitoring of heart activity to assess a patient's condition relative to their cardiac rhythm. Cardiac monitoring is usually carried out using electrocardiography, which is a noninvasive process that records the heart's electrical activity and displays it in an electrocardiogram. [1]
The manufacturing industries of ECG machines is now entirely digital, and many models incorporate embedded software for analysis and interpretation of ECG recordings with 3 or more leads. Consumer products, such as home ECG recorders for simple, 1-channel heart arrhythmia detection, also use basic ECG analysis, essentially to detect abnormalities.
Rhythm interpretation is an important part of healthcare in Emergency Medical Services . Trained medical personnel can determine different treatment options based on the cardiac rhythm of a patient. There are many common heart rhythms that are part of a few different categories, sinus arrhythmia , atrial arrhythmia, ventricular arrhythmia .
A small monitor worn by an ambulatory patient for this purpose is known as a Holter monitor. Cardiac monitoring can also involve cardiac output monitoring via an invasive Swan-Ganz catheter. Hemodynamic monitoring, which monitors the blood pressure and blood flow within the circulatory system.
Schematic representation of normal ECG In electrocardiography , the ST segment connects the QRS complex and the T wave and has a duration of 0.005 to 0.150 sec (5 to 150 ms). It starts at the J point (junction between the QRS complex and ST segment) and ends at the beginning of the T wave.
The typical meaning of an "ECG" is the 12-lead ECG that uses 10 wires or electrodes to record the signal across the chest. Interpretation of an ECG is the basis of a number of cardiac diseases including myocardial infarction (heart attack) and arrhythmias such as atrial fibrillation .