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Babesia species are in the phylum Apicomplexa, which also has the protozoan parasites that cause malaria, toxoplasmosis, and cryptosporidiosis. [5] Four clades of Babesia species infect humans. The main species in each clade are: [citation needed] B. microti (< 3 μm) B. duncani
Babesia is a protozoan parasite found to infect vertebrate animals, mostly livestock mammals and birds, but also occasionally humans. Common names of the disease that B. microti causes are Texas cattle fever, redwater fever, tick fever, and Nantucket fever. [ 7 ]
Major groups of parasites include protozoans (organisms having only one cell) and parasitic worms (helminths). Of these, protozoans, including cryptosporidium, microsporidia, and isospora, are most common in HIV-infected persons. Each of these parasites can infect the digestive tract, and sometimes two or more can cause infection at the same time.
The ticks may travel on deer, but they pick up disease by feeding on mice and other small mammals; if those hosts are carrying Lyme disease or babesiosis or other infectious agents, the parasite ...
Babesia microti is a parasitic blood-borne piroplasm transmitted by deer ticks. B. microti is responsible for the disease babesiosis , a malaria -like zoonosis which causes fever, hemolytic anemia caused by hemolysis , and enlarged spleen.
Older or immunocompromised people are most vulnerable to severe outcomes like low blood platelet counts, kidney failure or acute respiratory distress syndrome, in which fluid builds up in the lungs.
Babesia bovis is transmitted transovarially, from the female ticks to the eggs, and can remain resident in tick populations for up to four years without infecting a vertebrate host. More commonly, a larval tick feeds upon a domestic cow, an African buffalo or a water buffalo , releasing the parasites into the animal's bloodstream.
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