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A price war is a form of market competition in which companies within an industry engage in aggressive pricing activity "characterized by the repeated cutting of prices below those of competitors". [1] This leads to a vicious cycle, where each competitor attempts to match or undercut the price of the other. [2]
This category includes recoverable grants, below-market-rate loans, R&D or seed stage equity investments (stock), loan guarantees and volume guarantees. For private foundations, PRIs count towards the required 5 percent annual payout.
Predatory pricing is split into a two-stage strategy. The first stage of predatory pricing (predation) involves the dominant firm offering goods and services at below-cost rate which, in turn, leads to a reduction in the firm's immediate short-term profits. This drop in price forces the market price for those goods or services to readjust to th
A soft loan [1] is a loan with a below-market rate of interest. This is also known as soft financing. Sometimes, soft loans provide other concessions to borrowers, such as long repayment periods or interest holidays. Soft loans are usually provided by governments to projects they think are worthwhile.
A loss leader (also leader) [1] is a pricing strategy where a product is sold at a price below its market cost [2] to stimulate other sales of more profitable goods or services. With this sales promotion / marketing strategy, a "leader" is any popular article, i.e., sold at a low price to attract customers.
PORTSMOUTH — City staff are working to draft a request for qualifications (RFQ) for partners interested in working with the city to develop below market-rate housing at the former Sherburne School.
The market rate (or "going rate") for goods or services is the usual price charged for them in a free market. If demand goes up, manufacturers and laborers will tend to respond by increasing the price they require, thus setting a higher market rate. When demand falls, market rates also tend to fall (see Supply and demand).
Because the rate was below market, the Fed discouraged its use, causing a stigma against companies that did borrow from the window. In 2003 the Fed raised the rate to make using the window less appealing. [1] In the United States, there are several different rates charged to institutions borrowing at the discount window.