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The authoritarian personality is a personality type characterized by a disposition to treat authority figures with unquestioning obedience and respect.Conceptually, the term authoritarian personality originated from the writings of Erich Fromm, and usually is applied to people who exhibit a strict and oppressive personality towards their subordinates. [1]
The Authoritarian Personality has often provoked polarized responses: "The Berkeley study of authoritarian personality does not leave many people indifferent". [24] The study "has been subjected to considerable criticism" [25] since the 1950s, particularly for various methodological flaws, including sample bias and poor psychometric techniques.
The right-wing authoritarian was defined by Bob Altemeyer as a refinement of the research of Theodor Adorno. Adorno was the first to propose the existence of an authoritarian personality as part of an attempt to explain the rise of fascism and the Holocaust, but his theory fell into disfavor because it was associated with Freudian ...
The California F-scale is a 1947 personality test, designed by German Theodor W. Adorno and others to measure the "authoritarian personality". [1] The "F" stands for "fascist". The F-scale measures responses on several different components of authoritarianism, such as conventionalism, authoritarian aggression, superstition and stereotypy, power ...
Bob Altemeyer conducted research on what he labeled right-wing authoritarianism (RWA), and presented an analysis of the personality-types of both the authoritarian leaders and the authoritarian followers. [4] Authoritarian leaders make decisions independently with little or no input from others. [5]
Spanish Dictator Francisco Franco with Catholic Church dignitaries in 1946 [1]. Most measures of religiosity, such as church attendance and affiliation, are positively correlated with the authoritarian personality cluster, which includes submission to authority, conventionality, and intolerance of out-groups.
Authoritarian legislatures, for example, are forums through which leaders may enhance their bases of support, share power, and monitor elites. [38] Additionally, authoritarian party systems are extremely unstable and unconducive to party development, largely due to monopolistic patterns of authority. [ 39 ]
Levinson’s studies on personality began with his first publication in 1950 entitled “The Authoritarian Personality,” which established a set of criteria whose purpose was to define personality types by ranking and rating various individual traits using the F-scale personality test. [7]