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The dead load includes loads that are relatively constant over time, including the weight of the structure itself, and immovable fixtures such as walls, plasterboard or carpet. The roof is also a dead load. Dead loads are also known as permanent or static loads. Building materials are not dead loads until constructed in permanent position.
If a load is applied sufficiently slowly, the inertia forces (Newton's first law of motion) can be ignored and the analysis can be simplified as static analysis. A static load is one which varies very slowly. A dynamic load is one which changes with time fairly quickly in comparison to the structure's natural frequency.
In the context to structural analysis, a structure refers to a body or system of connected parts used to support a load. Important examples related to Civil Engineering include buildings, bridges, and towers; and in other branches of engineering, ship and aircraft frames, tanks, pressure vessels, mechanical systems, and electrical supporting structures are important.
Static load testing is an in situ type of load testing used in geotechnical investigation to determine the bearing capacity of deep foundations prior to the construction of a building. It differs from the statnamic load test and dynamic load testing in that the pressure applied to the pile is slower.
Iron kentledge weights upon a platform used in static load testing in Haikou, Hainan, China. Kentledge or kentledge weights, are slabs or blocks of concrete or iron (usually pig iron, sometimes with a cast-in handle to assist moving). They are used within ships or boats as permanent, high-density ballast.
It indicates the possibility of self-stress (stress in the absence of an external load) that may be induced by mechanical or thermal action. Mathematically, this requires a stiffness matrix to have full rank. A statically indeterminate structure can only be analyzed by including further information like material properties and deflections.
A tension member is a structural element designed to carry loads primarily through tensile forces, meaning it is subjected to stretching rather than compression or bending. These members are integral components in engineering and architectural structures, such as trusses , bridges , towers, and suspension systems, where they provide stability ...
External loads (actions of other bodies) that act on buildings cause internal forces (forces and couples by the rest of the structure) in building support structures. Supports can be either at the end or at any intermediate point along a structural member or a constituent part of a building and they are referred to as connections, joints or ...