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It is also possible on a per-call basis to suppress the use of the preferred CUG, i.e. act as if the user is not a member of the closed user group, and to suppress the outgoing access permission, i.e. to insist that the call only go through if the destination is a member of the CUG.
Call flow for the mobile terminated Short Message Service. The figure to the right depicts a call flow for mobile-terminated Short Message delivery. [1] For the sake of simplicity, some of the interactions between the VMSC and VLR, and VMSC and Handset, have been omitted, and only the case when SMS home routing is not in use is shown.
It is also possible that the phone call is not answered. If the subscriber is busy on another call (and call waiting is not being used) the Visited MSC routes the call to a predetermined Call Forward Busy (CFB) number. Similarly, if the subscriber does not answer the call after a period of time (typically 30 seconds) then the Visited MSC routes ...
BSNL logo used until October 2024. Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited is an Indian government enterprise and its history can be traced back to British India.The foundation of the telecommunications network in India was laid by the British sometime during the 19th century.
Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (BSNL) was incorporated on 15 September 2000. It took over the business of providing telecom services and network management from the erstwhile Central Government Departments of Telecom Services (DTS) and Telecom Operations (DTO), with effect from 1 October 2000 on a going concern basis, in early days it was known as CellOne for GSM mobile services, Excel for ...
A direct-to-mobile gateway is a device that has built-in wireless GSM connectivity. It allows SMS text messages to be sent and/or received by email, from Web pages or from other software applications by acquiring a unique identifier from the mobile phone's Subscriber Identity Module, or "SIM card".
An SMS center (SMSC) is responsible for handling the SMS operations of a wireless network. When an SMS message is sent from a mobile phone, it will first reach an SMS center. The SMS center then forwards the SMS message towards the destination. The main duty of an SMSC is to route SMS messages and regulate the process.
Cell Broadcast messaging was first demonstrated in Paris in 1997. Some mobile operators used Cell Broadcast for communicating the area code of the antenna cell to the mobile user (via channel 050), [5] for nationwide or citywide alerting, weather reports, mass messaging, location-based news, etc. Cell broadcast has been widely deployed since 2008 by major Asian, US, Canadian, South American ...