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In colloidal chemistry, the critical micelle concentration (CMC) of a surfactant is one of the parameters in the Gibbs free energy of micellization. The concentration at which the monomeric surfactants self-assemble into thermodynamically stable aggregates is the CMC.
The formation of micelles can be understood using thermodynamics: Micelles can form spontaneously because of a balance between entropy and enthalpy. In water, the hydrophobic effect is the driving force for micelle formation, despite the fact that assembling surfactant molecules is unfavorable in terms of both enthalpy and entropy of the system ...
In colloidal chemistry, the Krafft temperature (or Krafft point, after German chemist Friedrich Krafft) is defined as the minimum temperature at which the formation of micelles occurs in a solution of dissolved surfactant. It has been found that solubility at the Krafft point is nearly equal to critical micelle concentration (CMC). Below the ...
In colloidal and surface chemistry, the critical micelle concentration (CMC) is defined as the concentration of surfactants above which micelles form and all additional surfactants added to the system will form micelles. [1] The CMC is an important characteristic of a surfactant.
Micellar solutions form when the concentration of amphiphile exceeds the critical micelle concentration (CMC) or critical aggregation concentration (CAC), which is when there are enough amphiphiles in the solution to clump together to form micells.
The NFL playoffs are nearly in sight and the heat is on for some teams still in the fight to make the postseason.. Week 15 saw the number of teams that have qualified for the playoffs increase to ...
From April 2012 to December 2012, if you bought shares in companies when Janice M. Babiak joined the board, and sold them when she left, you would have a 13.7 percent return on your investment, compared to a 3.2 percent return from the S&P 500.
Products revenues reached $5.43 billion, up 12% in U.S. dollars and 10% in local currency. Health & Public Service revenues increased by 13% in U.S. dollars and 12% in local currency to $3.81 billion.