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Excessive hammer blow from high slipping speeds was a cause of kinked rails with new North American 4–6–4s and 4–8–4s that followed the 1934 A.A.R. recommendation to balance 40% of the reciprocating weight. [8] Out-of-balance inertia forces in the wheel can cause different vertical oscillations depending on the track stiffness.
When an aircraft is stationary with the propeller spinning (in calm air), the relative wind vector for each propeller blade is from the side. However, as the aircraft starts to move forward, the relative wind vector comes increasingly from the front. The propeller blade pitch must be increased to maintain optimum angle of attack to the relative ...
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An indicator diagram is a chart used to measure the thermal, or cylinder, performance of reciprocating steam and internal combustion engines and compressors. [1] An indicator chart records the pressure in the cylinder versus the volume swept by the piston, throughout the two or four strokes of the piston which constitute the engine, or ...
This template has provisions for four sections: General characteristics, performance, armament, and avionics. What follows is list of the parameters that appear in each section, and specialised instructions for their use where necessary. Most numerical quantities are divided into 'main' and 'alt'.
The major reciprocating-engine alternative configuration is the radial engine, where the cylinders are placed in a circular or "star" arrangement. The term "inline" is used somewhat differently for aircraft engines than automotive engines.
To change this template's initial visibility, the |state= parameter may be used: {{Aircraft piston engine components | state = collapsed}} will show the template collapsed, i.e. hidden apart from its title bar. {{Aircraft piston engine components | state = expanded}} will show the template expanded, i.e. fully visible.
A compressor map is a chart which shows the performance of a turbomachinery compressor. This type of compressor is used in gas turbine engines, for supercharging reciprocating engines and for industrial processes, where it is known as a dynamic compressor. A map is created from compressor rig test results or predicted by a special computer program.