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The Zhangzhou dialects are classified as Hokkien, a group of Southern Min varieties. [6] In Fujian, the Zhangzhou dialects form the southern subgroup (南片) of Southern Min. [7] The dialect of urban Zhangzhou is one of the oldest dialects of Southern Min, and along with the urban Quanzhou dialect, it forms the basis for all modern varieties. [8]
The Hokkien spoken in most areas of the three counties of southern Zhangzhou have merged the coda finals -n and -ng into -ng. The initial consonant j ( dz and dʑ ) is not present in most dialects of Hokkien spoken in Quanzhou, having been merged into the d or l initials.
The one and only local dialect of Changtai District is Hokkien, which is spoken with a unique Changtai accent that falls under the Zhangzhou Hokkien accent umbrella, but bears significant differences in pronunciation of certain Chinese characters from the well-known Zhangzhou city accent.
Hokkien is the most widely spoken form of Southern Min, including Amoy dialect and Taiwanese. Both of these developed as a combination of Quanzhou and Zhangzhou speech. Varieties in South-East Asia include Singaporean Hokkien, Penang Hokkien, Southern Peninsular Malaysian Hokkien, Medan Hokkien, and Philippine Hokkien.
The Quanzhou dialects are classified as Hokkien, a group of Southern Min varieties. [6] In Fujian, the Quanzhou dialects form the northern subgroup (北片) of Southern Min. [7] The dialect of urban Quanzhou is one of the oldest dialects of Southern Min, and along with the urban Zhangzhou dialect, it forms the basis for all modern varieties. [8]
In greater Quanzhou and Zhangzhou Hokkien, its contour is similar to that of tone ⑤陽平 (mid- or low-rising). In Amoy and Taiwanese Hokkien, it is a high level tone 4 ˦. ^ 24 is used before rising 上 and departing 去 tones, as well as before the light entering tone 陽入; 22 is used before level 平 tones and the dark entering tone 陰入.
Only the speakers of Quanzhou-Zhangzhou dialects (also known as Hokkien) are seen as Hoklos. About 70% of the Taiwanese people descend from Hoklo immigrants who arrived to the island prior to the start of Japanese rule in 1895. They could be categorized as originating from Xiamen, Quanzhou and Zhangzhou based on their dialects and districts of ...
Kiong Kong Tuan (龔光傳; 1790–1854), Penang Hokkien merchant who was the last opium farmer in Singapore. Kan Keng Tjong (1797—1871; ancestry: Zhangzhou), Chinese-Indonesian tycoon and one of the richest men in Batavia, capital of the Dutch East Indies