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In the natural sciences, a vector quantity (also known as a vector physical quantity, physical vector, or simply vector) is a vector-valued physical quantity. [9] [10] It is typically formulated as the product of a unit of measurement and a vector numerical value (), often a Euclidean vector with magnitude and direction.
The cross-hatched plane is the linear span of u and v in both R 2 and R 3, here shown in perspective.. In mathematics, the linear span (also called the linear hull [1] or just span) of a set of elements of a vector space is the smallest linear subspace of that contains .
In classical electromagnetism, magnetic vector potential (often called A) is the vector quantity defined so that its curl is equal to the magnetic field: =.Together with the electric potential φ, the magnetic vector potential can be used to specify the electric field E as well.
In mathematics, vector algebra may mean: The operations of vector addition and scalar multiplication of a vector space; The algebraic operations in vector calculus (vector analysis) – including the dot and cross products of 3-dimensional Euclidean space
A subset of a vector space is called a cone if for all real >,.A cone is called pointed if it contains the origin. A cone is convex if and only if +. The intersection of any non-empty family of cones (resp. convex cones) is again a cone (resp. convex cone); the same is true of the union of an increasing (under set inclusion) family of cones (resp. convex cones).