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Sea cucumbers can be found in great numbers on the deep seafloor, where they often make up the majority of the animal biomass. [17] At depths deeper than 8,900 m (5.5 mi), sea cucumbers comprise 90% of the total mass of the macrofauna. [18] Sea cucumbers form large herds that move across the bathygraphic features of the ocean, hunting food.
Holothuria is the type genus of the marine animal family Holothuriidae, [1] part of the class Holothuroidea, commonly known as sea cucumbers. Members of the genus are found in coastal waters in tropical and temperate regions. They are soft-bodied, limbless invertebrates which dwell on the ocean floor and are usually detritivores.
This is the second largest family of sea cucumbers with over 200 recognized species. [3] Accepted genera are: [1] Actinopyga Bronn, 1860 – 18 species; Bohadschia Jaeger, 1833 – 12 species; Holothuria Linnaeus, 1767 – 163 species; Labidodemas Selenka, 1867 – 8 species; Pearsonothuria Levin in Levin, Kalinin & Stonik, 1984 – 1 species
Holothuria edulis, commonly known as the edible sea cucumber or the pink and black sea cucumber, is a species of echinoderm in the family Holothuriidae. It was placed in the subgenus Halodeima by Pearson in 1914, making its full scientific name Holothuria (Halodeima) edulis. [2] It is found in shallow water in the tropical Indo-Pacific Ocean. [1]
Synapta maculata, the snake sea cucumber, is a species of sea cucumber in the family Synaptidae. It is found in shallow waters in the tropical Indo-Pacific Ocean. Sometimes growing as long as 3 m (10 ft), it is one of the longest sea cucumbers in the world.
Chiridotidae is a family of sea cucumbers found in the order Apodida. Within the family, there are 16 recognized genera all with different ranges of body types and functions. [ 1 ] Sea cucumbers play a fundamental role in many marine ecosystems.
Bohadschia argus, the leopard sea cucumber, leopardfish, or tigerfish, is a species of sea cucumber in the family Holothuriidae. It is native to the tropical Western Indo-Pacific region. Description
The orange-footed sea cucumber (Cucumaria frondosa) is the largest sea cucumber in New England, United States. [2] It is one of the most abundant and widespread species of holothurians within the North Atlantic Ocean and the Barents Sea (Russia), [3] being most abundant along the eastern coast of North America.