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An IEEE 1284 36-pin female on a circuit board. In the 1970s, Centronics developed the now-familiar printer parallel port that soon became a de facto standard.Centronics had introduced the first successful low-cost seven-wire print head [citation needed], which used a series of solenoids to pull the individual metal pins to strike a ribbon and the paper.
A USB-to-serial adapter or simply USB adapter is a type of protocol converter that is used for converting USB data signals to and from serial communications standards (serial ports). Most commonly the USB data signals are converted to either RS-232 , RS-485 , RS-422 , or TTL-level UART serial data.
Today, the parallel port interface is virtually non-existent in new computers because of the rise of Universal Serial Bus (USB) devices, along with network printing using Ethernet and Wi-Fi connected printers. The parallel port interface was originally known as the Parallel Printer Adapter on IBM PC-compatible computers.
However, the SuperSpeed USB part of the system still implements the one-lane Gen 1×1 operation mode. Therefore, two-lane operations, namely USB 3.2 Gen 1×2 (10 Gbit/s) and Gen 2×2 (20 Gbit/s), are only possible with Full-Featured USB-C. As of 2023, they are somewhat rarely implemented; Intel, however, started to include them in its 11th ...
The Standards Association of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) approved the Universal Power Adapter for Mobile Devices working group on June 17, 2010. [7] The project was sponsored by the Microprocessor Standards Committee of the IEEE Computer Society. On 15 May 2015 the standard was published as IEEE Std 1823-2015. [8]
In light of the declining popularity of the Micro USB connector and its limited power throughput relative to USB-C, in September 2021, the European Commission adopted a proposal to for a new directive, to update the existing Directive 2014/53/EU. [27] [28] The directive was approved by the European Parliament and Council of the European Union. [28]
USB 3.0 is the third major version of the Universal Serial Bus (USB) standard for interfacing computers and electronic devices. Among other improvements, USB 3.0 adds the new transfer rate referred to as SuperSpeed USB (SS) that can transfer data at up to 5 Gbit/s (625 MB/s), which is about 10 times faster than the USB 2.0 standard.
Thunderbolt 3, 4, or 5 ports USB-C Thunderbolt 3, 4, or 5 connector. Thunderbolt 3 is a hardware interface developed by Intel. [75] It shares USB-C connectors with USB, supports USB 3.1 Gen 2, [76] [77] [78] and can require special "active" cables for maximum performance for cable lengths over 0.5 meters (1.5 feet). Compared to Thunderbolt 2 ...