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In the NO − 3 anion, the oxidation state of the central nitrogen atom is V (+5). This corresponds to the highest possible oxidation number of nitrogen. Nitrate is a potentially powerful oxidizer as evidenced by its explosive behaviour at high temperature when it is detonated in ammonium nitrate (NH 4 NO 3), or black powder, ignited by the shock wave of a primary explosive.
Nitrogen trioxide or nitrate radical is an oxide of nitrogen with formula NO 3, consisting of three oxygen atoms covalently bound to a nitrogen atom. This highly unstable blue compound has not been isolated in pure form, but can be generated and observed as a short-lived component of gas, liquid, or solid systems.
The chemical element nitrogen is one of the most abundant elements in the universe and can form many compounds. It can take several oxidation states; but the most common oxidation states are -3 and +3. Nitrogen can form nitride and nitrate ions. It also forms a part of nitric acid and nitrate salts.
Oxidation numbers are assigned to elements in a molecule such that the overall sum is zero in a neutral molecule. The number indicates the degree of oxidation of each element caused by molecular bonding. In ionic compounds, the oxidation numbers are the same as the element's ionic charge.
The nitrite oxidation reaction performed by the Nitrobacter is as follows; NO 2 − + H 2 O → NO 3 − + 2H + + 2e −. 2H + + 2e − + ½O 2 → H 2 O [9] The Gibbs' Free Energy yield for nitrite oxidation is: ΔG ο = -74 kJ mol −1 NO 2 −. In the oceans, nitrite-oxidizing bacteria such as Nitrobacter are usually found in close proximity ...
In water, nitric oxide reacts with oxygen to form nitrous acid (HNO 2). The reaction is thought to proceed via the following stoichiometry: 4 • NO + O 2 + 2 H 2 O → 4 HNO 2. Nitric oxide reacts with fluorine, chlorine, and bromine to form the nitrosyl halides, such as nitrosyl chloride: 2 • NO + Cl 2 → 2 NOCl
Devarda's alloy (Copper/Aluminium/Zinc) is a reducing agent.When reacted with nitrate in sodium hydroxide solution, ammonia is liberated. The ammonia formed may be detected by its characteristic odor, and by damp red litmus paper's turning blue, signalling that it is an alkali — very few gases other than ammonia evolved from wet chemistry are alkaline.
[12] [13] Complete nitrification, the conversion of ammonia to nitrate in a single step known as comammox, has an energy yield (∆G°′) of −349 kJ mol −1 NH 3, while the energy yields for the ammonia-oxidation and nitrite-oxidation steps of the observed two-step reaction are −275 kJ mol −1 NH 3, and −74 kJ mol −1 NO 2 − ...