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Avoidant personality disorder (AvPD), or anxious personality disorder, is a cluster C personality disorder characterized by excessive social anxiety and inhibition, fear of intimacy (despite an intense desire for it), severe feelings of inadequacy and inferiority, and an overreliance on avoidance of feared stimuli (e.g., self-imposed social isolation) as a maladaptive coping method. [1]
Borderline personality disorder is seen in association with mood and anxiety disorders, with impulse-control disorders, eating disorders, ADHD, ASD, or a substance use disorder. Avoidant personality disorder is seen with social anxiety disorder.
301.83 Borderline personality disorder; 301.50 Histrionic personality disorder; 301.81 Narcissistic personality disorder; Cluster C (anxious or fearful): 301.82 Avoidant personality disorder; 301.6 Dependent personality disorder; 301.4 Obsessive–compulsive personality disorder; NOS: 301.9 Personality disorder not otherwise specified
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Avoidance coping is measured via a self-reported questionnaire. Initially, the Multidimensional Experiential Avoidance Questionnaire (MEAQ) was used, which is a 62-item questionnaire that assesses experiential avoidance, and thus avoidance coping, by measuring how many avoidant behaviors a person exhibits and how strongly they agree with each statement on a scale of 1–6. [1]
[59] [60] Avoidant personality disorder is likewise highly correlated with SAD, with comorbidity rates ranging from 25% to 89%. [55] [61] [62] To try to reduce their anxiety and alleviate depression, people with social phobia may use alcohol or other drugs, which can lead to substance use disorders.
Dependent personality disorder is a cluster C personality disorder, [2] which is characterized by excessive fear and anxiety. It begins prior to early adulthood, and it is present in a variety of contexts and is associated with inadequate functioning.