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The University of Timbuktu (French: Université de Tombouctou) is a collective term for the teaching associated with three mosques in the city of Timbuktu in what is now Mali: the mosques of Sankore, Djinguereber, and Sidi Yahya. [1] It was an organized scholastic community that endured for many centuries during the medieval period.
In the 15th century the scholar Al-Kābarī contributed to the development of education in Timbuktu, with a focus on religious teachings. [30] By the 16th century Timbuktu housed as many as 150–180 Qur'anic schools, which taught basic literacy and recitation of the Qur'an, with an estimated 4,000–9,000 students.
Timbuktu has many adobe and mud brick buildings but the most famous is the university. The masajids (mosques) of Sankore, Djinguereber, and Sidi Yahya were the centres of learning in medieval Mali and produced some of the most famous works in Africa, the Timbuktu Manuscripts. Timbuktu is a city in Mali with very distinguishable architecture.
The Djinguereber Mosque (Arabic: مسجد دجينجيربر; French: Mosquée de Djinguereber; from Koyra Chiini jiŋgar-ey beer 'grand mosque' [1]), also known as Djingareyber or Djingarey Ber, is a famous learning center in Timbuktu, Mali. Built in 1327, it is one of three madrassas composing the University of Timbuktu.
In the twelfth century CE, the University of Sankore, which began as the Mosque of Sankore, served as an organization of higher learning in Timbuktu. [6] [4] The Mosque of Sankore, the Mosque of Sidi Yahya, and the Mosque of Djinguereber constitute what is referred to as the University of Timbuktu. [6] [4]
Starting out as a seasonal settlement, Timbuktu was in the kingdom of Mali when it became a permanent settlement early in the 12th century. After a shift in trading routes, the town flourished from the trade in salt, gold, ivory and slaves from several towns and states such as Begho of Bonoman, Sijilmassa, and other Saharan cities. [1]
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Great Mosque of Djenné, Famous Landmark in Timbuktu One of the most iconic landmarks in Timbuktu is the Great Mosque of Djenné, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. [ 3 ] Built in the 13th century, this mud-brick mosque is the largest of its kind in the world and is considered a masterpiece of Sudano-Sahelian architecture.