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Belgian Reservists leaving the Gare du Nord in Paris, 1914. The notion of a reservist has been around, in many forms, for thousands of years. In ancient times, reservist forces such as the Anglo-Saxon Fyrd and the Viking Leidangr formed the main fighting strength of most armies. It was only at the end of the 17th century that professional ...
On 23 April 1908 Congress created the Medical Reserve Corps, the official predecessor of the Army Reserve. [3] After World War I, under the National Defense Act of 1920, Congress reorganized the U.S. land forces by authorizing a Regular Army, a National Guard and an Organized Reserve (Officers Reserve Corps and Enlisted Reserve Corps) of unrestricted size, which later became the Army Reserve. [4]
Ireland's Army Reserve is an example of such a reserve. With universal conscription, most of the male population may be reservists. All men in Finland belong to the reserve until 60 years of age, and 65 [ 3 ] percent of each age cohort of men are drafted and receive at least six months of military training.
The Uniformed Services Employment and Reemployment Rights Act of 1994 (USERRA, Pub. L. 103–353, codified as amended at 38 U.S.C. §§ 4301–4335) was passed by U.S. Congress and signed into law by U.S. President Bill Clinton on October 13, 1994 to protect the civilian employment of active and reserve military personnel in the United States called to active duty.
The Reserve Components of the United States Armed forces are named within Title 10 of the United States Code and include: (1) the Army National Guard, (2) the Army Reserve, (3) the Navy Reserve, (4) the Marine Corps Reserve, (5) the Air National Guard, (6) the Air Force Reserve, and (7) the Coast Guard Reserve.
The United States Navy Reserve (USNR), known as the United States Naval Reserve from 1915 to 2004, [1] is the Reserve Component (RC) of the United States Navy.Members of the Navy Reserve, called reservists, are categorized as being in either the Selected Reserve (SELRES), the Training and Administration of the Reserve (TAR), the Individual Ready Reserve (IRR), or the Retired Reserve.
The First Class Army Reserve was liable for overseas service in the event of war, whereas the Second Class Army Reserve was for home service to defend against invasion. [11] Cardwell therefore brought before Parliament the idea of "short service". The act of 1870 allowed a soldier to choose to spend time in the reserves after service with the ...
Some of the different categories of military reserves are: tactical reserve, operational reserve, and strategic reserve. A military reserve is different from a military reserve force , which is a military organization composed of military personnel ( reservists ) who maintain their military skills and readiness in a long-term part-time ...