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  2. Semiconductor laser theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semiconductor_laser_theory

    Semiconductor lasers or laser diodes play an important part in our everyday lives by providing cheap and compact-size lasers. They consist of complex multi-layer structures requiring nanometer scale accuracy and an elaborate design. Their theoretical description is important not only from a fundamental point of view, but also in order to ...

  3. Laser diode - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_diode

    The laser diode chip removed and placed on the eye of a needle for scale A laser diode with the case cut away. The laser diode chip is the small black chip at the front; a photodiode at the back is used to control output power. SEM (scanning electron microscope) image of a commercial laser diode with its case and window cut away. The anode ...

  4. Vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertical-cavity_surface...

    Diagram of a simple VCSEL structure. The vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL / ˈ v ɪ k s əl /) is a type of semiconductor laser diode with laser beam emission perpendicular from the top surface, contrary to conventional edge-emitting semiconductor lasers (also called in-plane lasers) which emit from surfaces formed by cleaving the individual chip out of a wafer.

  5. List of laser types - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_laser_types

    Flashlamp, laser diode: Periodontal scaling, dental laser, skin resurfacing Neodymium YLF solid-state laser 1.047 and 1.053 μm Flashlamp, laser diode Mostly used for pulsed pumping of certain types of pulsed Ti:sapphire lasers, combined with frequency doubling. Neodymium-doped yttrium orthovanadate (Nd:YVO 4) laser 1.064 μm laser diode

  6. Laser - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser

    When the modulation rate is on time scales much slower than the cavity lifetime and the period over which energy can be stored in the lasing medium or pumping mechanism, then it is still classified as a "modulated" or "pulsed" continuous wave laser. Most laser diodes used in communication systems fall into that category.

  7. Interband cascade laser - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interband_cascade_laser

    Interband cascade lasers (ICLs) are a type of laser diode that can produce coherent radiation over a large part of the mid-infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum. They are fabricated from epitaxially -grown semiconductor heterostructures composed of layers of indium arsenide (InAs), gallium antimonide (GaSb), aluminum antimonide (AlSb ...

  8. Optical communication - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_communication

    Optical communication, also known as optical telecommunication, is communication at a distance using light to carry information. It can be performed visually or by using electronic devices . The earliest basic forms of optical communication date back several millennia, while the earliest electrical device created to do so was the photophone ...

  9. Distributed-feedback laser - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributed-feedback_laser

    A distributed-feedback laser (DFB) is a type of laser diode, quantum-cascade laser or optical-fiber laser where the active region of the device contains a periodically structured element or diffraction grating. The structure builds a one-dimensional interference grating (Bragg scattering), and the grating provides optical feedback for the