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A file inclusion vulnerability is a type of web vulnerability that is most commonly found to affect web applications that rely on a scripting run time.This issue is caused when an application builds a path to executable code using an attacker-controlled variable in a way that allows the attacker to control which file is executed at run time.
Any function that can be used to compose and run a shell command is a potential vehicle for launching a shell injection attack. Among these are system(), StartProcess(), and System.Diagnostics.Process.Start(). Client-server systems such as web browser interaction with web servers are potentially vulnerable to shell injection.
In hacking, a shellcode is a small piece of code used as the payload in the exploitation of a software vulnerability.It is called "shellcode" because it typically starts a command shell from which the attacker can control the compromised machine, but any piece of code that performs a similar task can be called shellcode.
Server Side Includes (SSI) is a simple interpreted server-side scripting language used almost exclusively for the World Wide Web.It is most useful for including the contents of one or more files into a web page on a web server (see below), using its #include directive.
The application must be able to regenerate or restore the data. The cached files can be deleted without loss of data. /var/lib: State information. Persistent data modified by programs as they run (e.g., databases, packaging system metadata, etc.). /var/lock: Lock files. Files keeping track of resources currently in use. /var/log: Log files ...
The preprocessor provides for file inclusion (often header files), macro expansion, conditional compilation, and line control. Although named in association with C and used with C, the preprocessor capabilities are not inherently tied to the C language. It can and is used to process other kinds of files. [1]
In this example, the data of file B is transcluded into the document A. In computer science, transclusion is the inclusion of part or all of an electronic document into one or more other documents by reference via hypertext.
A chosen-plaintext attack (CPA) is an attack model for cryptanalysis which presumes that the attacker can obtain the ciphertexts for arbitrary plaintexts. [1] The goal of the attack is to gain information that reduces the security of the encryption scheme.