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These sub-languages are mainly categorized into four categories: a data query language (DQL), a data definition language (DDL), a data control language (DCL), and a data manipulation language (DML). Sometimes a transaction control language (TCL) [ 1 ] is argued to be part of the sub-language set as well.
Saving a ddl file in Oracle SQL Developer. In the context of SQL, data definition or data description language (DDL) is a syntax for creating and modifying database objects such as tables, indices, and users. DDL statements are similar to a computer programming language for defining data structures, especially database schemas.
Application- or user-specific database objects in relational databases are usually created with data definition language (DDL) commands, which in SQL for example can be CREATE, ALTER and DROP. [4] [5] Rows or tuples from the database can represent objects in the sense of object-oriented programming, but are not considered database objects. [6]
The Data Definition Language (DDL) manages table and index structure. The most basic items of DDL are the CREATE , ALTER , RENAME , DROP and TRUNCATE statements: CREATE creates an object (a table, for example) in the database, e.g.:
In April 1971, the DBTG published a report containing specifications of a Data Manipulation Language (DML) and a Data Definition Language (DDL) for standardization of network database model. The first DBTG proposals had already been published in 1969.
Basically, object code for the language's interpreter needs to be linked into the executable. Source code fragments for the embedded language can then be passed to an evaluation function as strings. Application control languages can be implemented this way, if the source code is input by the user. Languages with small interpreters are preferred.
The terms data dictionary and data repository indicate a more general software utility than a catalogue. A catalogue is closely coupled with the DBMS software. It provides the information stored in it to the user and the DBA, but it is mainly accessed by the various software modules of the DBMS itself, such as DDL and DML compilers, the query optimiser, the transaction processor, report ...
The :-symbol is read as "if", and the comma is read "and", so these rules mean: X is an ancestor of Y if X is a parent of Y. X is an ancestor of Y if X is a parent of some Z, and Z is an ancestor of Y. The meaning of a program is defined to be the set of all of the facts that can be deduced using the initial facts and the rules.