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  2. Paper bag problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paper_bag_problem

    A cushion filled with stuffing. In geometry, the paper bag problem or teabag problem is to calculate the maximum possible inflated volume of an initially flat sealed rectangular bag which has the same shape as a cushion or pillow, made out of two pieces of material which can bend but not stretch.

  3. Volume integral - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volume_integral

    In mathematics (particularly multivariable calculus), a volume integral (∭) is an integral over a 3-dimensional domain; that is, it is a special case of multiple integrals. Volume integrals are especially important in physics for many applications, for example, to calculate flux densities, or to calculate mass from a corresponding density ...

  4. Volume of an n-ball - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volume_of_an_n-ball

    The volume of the n-ball () can be computed by integrating the volume element in spherical coordinates. The spherical coordinate system has a radial coordinate r and angular coordinates φ 1 , …, φ n − 1 , where the domain of each φ except φ n − 1 is [0, π ) , and the domain of φ n − 1 is [0, 2 π ) .

  5. Specific volume - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specific_volume

    For a substance X with a specific volume of 0.657 cm 3 /g and a substance Y with a specific volume 0.374 cm 3 /g, the density of each substance can be found by taking the inverse of the specific volume; therefore, substance X has a density of 1.522 g/cm 3 and substance Y has a density of 2.673 g/cm 3. With this information, the specific ...

  6. Number density - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Number_density

    Using the number density as a function of spatial coordinates, the total number of objects N in the entire volume V can be calculated as = (,,), where dV = dx dy dz is a volume element. If each object possesses the same mass m 0 , the total mass m of all the objects in the volume V can be expressed as m = ∭ V m 0 n ( x , y , z ) d V ...

  7. Steinmetz solid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steinmetz_solid

    The generation of a bicylinder Calculating the volume of a bicylinder. A bicylinder generated by two cylinders with radius r has the volume =, and the surface area [1] [6] =.. The upper half of a bicylinder is the square case of a domical vault, a dome-shaped solid based on any convex polygon whose cross-sections are similar copies of the polygon, and analogous formulas calculating the volume ...

  8. Area density - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Area_density

    A special type of area density is called column density (also columnar mass density or simply column density), denoted ρ A or σ. It is the mass of substance per unit area integrated along a path; [ 1 ] It is obtained integrating volumetric density ρ {\displaystyle \rho } over a column: [ 2 ] σ = ∫ ρ d s . {\displaystyle \sigma =\int \rho ...

  9. Density - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Density

    Mathematically, density is defined as mass divided by volume: [1] =, where ρ is the density, m is the mass, and V is the volume. In some cases (for instance, in the United States oil and gas industry), density is loosely defined as its weight per unit volume , [ 2 ] although this is scientifically inaccurate – this quantity is more ...