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Enterococcus faecalis – formerly classified as part of the group D Streptococcus system – is a Gram-positive, commensal bacterium inhabiting the gastrointestinal tracts of humans. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Like other species in the genus Enterococcus , E. faecalis is found in healthy humans and can be used as a probiotic.
Enterococcus is a large genus of lactic acid bacteria of the phylum Bacillota. Enterococci are Gram-positive cocci that often occur in pairs ( diplococci ) or short chains, and are difficult to distinguish from streptococci on physical characteristics alone. [ 2 ]
Many former group D streptococci have been reclassified and placed in the genus Enterococcus (including E. faecalis, E. faecium, E. durans, and E. avium). [22] For example, Streptococcus faecalis is now Enterococcus faecalis. E. faecalis is sometimes alpha-hemolytic and E. faecium is sometimes beta hemolytic. [23]
Bacteria of the genus Enterococcus, formerly known as group D streptococci, were classified as members of the genus Streptococcus until 1984 and are included in the original Lancefield grouping. [4] Many—but not all—species of streptococcus are beta-hemolytic.
Enterococcus spp Mouth, GI tract Enterococcus faecalis: General distribution Enterococcus faecium: General distribution Escherichia coli: General distribution Eubacterium spp Mouth, GI tract Faecalibacterium spp Large intestine, small intestine (Ileon) Flavobacterium spp Large intestine, small intestine (Ileon) Fusobacterium spp Mouth, GI tract
Representative genera include Enterococcus, Melissococcus, Pilibacter, Tetragenococcus, and Vagococcus. In this family are some important lactic acid bacteria which produce lactic acid as the major metabolic end product.
Enterococcus faecalis: bacterium: cheese [2] Enterococcus faecalis: bacterium: dairy cream: Enterococcus faecalis: bacterium: meat ham [2] Enterococcus faecalis: bacterium: soy miso [2] Enterococcus faecalis: bacterium: vegetable pickle [2] Enterococcus faecalis: bacterium: meat sausage: Enterococcus faecalis: bacterium: soy sauce [2 ...
Bile Esculin Agar (BEA) is a selective differential agar used to isolate and identify members of the genus Enterococcus, [1] formerly part of the "group D streptococci" (enterococci were reclassified in their own genus in 1984). [2]