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The history of Guatemala traces back to the Maya civilization (2600 BC – 1697 AD), with the country's modern history beginning with the Spanish conquest of Guatemala in 1524. By 1000 AD, most of the major Classic-era (250–900 AD) Maya cities in the Petén Basin , located in the northern lowlands, had been abandoned.
Francisco de Paula García y Peláez (April 2, 1785 – January 25, 1867 [1]) was a Guatemalan historian [2] and economist [3] who served as Archbishop of Guatemala from 1845 until his death. As a historian, García Peláez was commissioned to write histories of colonial Central America.
Guatemala, [a] officially the Republic of Guatemala, [b] is a country in Central America. It is bordered to the north and west by Mexico, to the northeast by Belize, to the east by Honduras, and to the southeast by El Salvador. It is hydrologically bordered to the south by the Pacific Ocean and to the northeast by the Gulf of Honduras.
A page from the Lienzo de Tlaxcala, showing a Spanish conquistador accompanied by Tlaxcalan allies and a native porter. The sources describing the Spanish conquest of Guatemala include those written by the Spanish themselves, among them two of four letters written by conquistador Pedro de Alvarado to Hernán Cortés in 1524, describing the initial campaign to subjugate the Guatemalan Highlands.
Guatemala City (Spanish: Ciudad de Guatemala, also known colloquially by the nickname Guate), is the national capital and largest city of the Republic of Guatemala. It is also a municipal capital of the Guatemala Department and the most populous urban metropolitan area in the region of Central America .
Antigua Guatemala means "Old Guatemala" and was the third capital of Guatemala, formerly called "Santiago de los Caballeros de Guatemala". The first capital of Guatemala was founded on the site of a Kaqchikel-Maya city, named Iximche, on Monday, July 25, 1524—the day of Saint James—and therefore named Ciudad de Santiago de los Caballeros de ...
The Act of Independence of Central America (Spanish: Acta de Independencia Centroamericana), also known as the Act of Independence of Guatemala, is the legal document by which the Provincial Council of the Province of Guatemala proclaimed the independence of Central America from the Spanish Empire and invited the other provinces of the Captaincy General of Guatemala [a] to send envoys to a ...
Map of the provinces of the Kingdom of Guatemala. The Captaincy General of Guatemala (Spanish: Capitanía General de Guatemala), also known as the Kingdom of Guatemala (Spanish: Reino de Guatemala), was an administrative division of the Spanish Empire, under the viceroyalty of New Spain in Central America, including present-day Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Honduras, El Salvador, Guatemala, and the ...