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John Hunter's dissections of atherosclerotic aortic bifurcations from the late 18th century are preserved at the Hunterian Museum, but Leriche was first to publish on the subject based on a patient he treated with the condition at the age of 30. Following treatment the 30-year-old was able to walk without pain and maintain an erection.
Because of its similarities to deep vein thrombosis (DVT), May–Thurner syndrome is rarely diagnosed amongst the general population. In this condition, the right iliac artery sequesters and compresses the left common iliac vein against the lumbar section of the spine, [5] resulting in swelling of the legs and ankles, pain, tingling, and/or numbness in the legs and feet. [6]
Atherosclerosis in the aorta and other large blood vessels is a common risk factor, [2] both for thromboembolism and cholesterol embolism. The legs and feet are major impact sites for these types. [2] Thus, risk factors for atherosclerosis are risk factors for arterial embolisation as well: advanced age [1] cigarette smoking [1] [2]
The aortic bifurcation is the point at which the abdominal aorta bifurcates (forks) into the left and right common iliac arteries. The aortic bifurcation is usually seen at the level of L4, [1] just above the junction of the left and right common iliac veins. The right common iliac artery passes in front of the left common iliac vein.
Peripheral artery disease (PAD), or limb ischemia, affects the femoral, popliteal, or iliac arteries. [17] PAD is caused by atherosclerotic plaques that occlude blood flow to extremities. [ 5 ] Once blood flow is impeded, ischemic muscle cells switch from aerobic to anaerobic metabolism to cope with oxygen scarcity.
This is a shortened version of the seventh chapter of the ICD-9: Diseases of the Circulatory System. It covers ICD codes 259 to 282. The full chapter can be found on pages 215 to 258 of Volume 1, which contains all (sub)categories of the ICD-9. Volume 2 is an alphabetical index of Volume 1.
Arteriosclerosis is any hardening (and loss of elasticity) of medium or large arteries (from the Greek arteria, meaning artery, and sclerosis, meaning hardening) Atherosclerosis is a hardening of an artery specifically due to an atheromatous plaque. The term atherogenic is used for substances or processes that cause atherosclerosis.
Compression of the left common iliac vein against the fifth lumbar vertebral body by the right common iliac artery as the artery crosses in front of it traditionally happens in May–Thurner syndrome. [5] Continuous pulsation of the common iliac artery may trigger an inflammatory response within the common iliac vein.