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Nasogastric intubation is a medical process involving the insertion of a plastic tube (nasogastric tube or NG tube) through the nose, down the esophagus, and down into the stomach. Orogastric intubation is a similar process involving the insertion of a plastic tube ( orogastric tube ) through the mouth. [ 1 ]
Uncuffed tubes are also available, though their use is limited mostly to children (in small children, the cricoid cartilage is the narrowest portion of the airway and usually provides an adequate seal for mechanical ventilation). [13] In addition to cuffed or uncuffed, preformed endotracheal tubes are also available.
The size is chosen based on the patient's body size, with the smaller sizes being used for pediatric and neonatal patients. Tubes larger than 6 mm ID usually have an inflatable cuff. Originally made from red rubber , most modern tubes are made from polyvinyl chloride.
A Miller–Abbott tube is a tube used to treat obstructions in the small intestine through intubation. [1] It was developed in 1934 by William Osler Abbott and Thomas Grier Miller . The device is around 3 metres (9.8 ft) [ 2 ] long and has a distal balloon at one end.
The tube may be difficult to position, particularly in an unwell patient, and may inadvertently be inserted in the trachea, hence endotracheal intubation before the procedure is strongly advised to secure the airway. The tube is often kept in the refrigerator in the hospital's emergency department, intensive care unit and gastroenterology ward.
The French scale measures the outer diameter of the catheter, not the size of the internal drainage channel (inner diameter). For instance, a two-way catheter of 20 Fr and a three-way catheter of 20 Fr have the same outer diameter, but the three-way catheter has an additional channel for irrigation, reducing the size of its drainage channel.
Gastric lavage, also commonly called stomach pumping or gastric irrigation, is the process of cleaning out the contents of the stomach using a tube. Since its first recorded use in the early 19th century, it has become one of the most routine means of eliminating poisons from the stomach. [1]
A Replogle tube is a medical device used in the treatment of babies with esophageal atresia or other blockages of the gastro intestinal tract. It is a double-lumen tube which is inserted through the baby's nostril or mouth into the stomach (or blind-end pouch).