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The Military Service Act, 1917 (French: Loi concernant le Service militaire) [1] was an Act passed by the Parliament of Canada which introduced conscription in the midst of the First World War. [2] It was passed due to a shortage of volunteers and was an effort to conscript more soldiers .
The Conscription Crisis of 1917 (French: Crise de la conscription de 1917) was a political and military crisis in Canada during World War I.It was mainly caused by disagreement on whether men should be conscripted to fight in the war, but also brought out many issues regarding relations between French Canadians and English Canadians.
The conscription issue was largely responsible for the re-election of Borden's government. [10] Call-ups for military service into the Canadian Expeditionary Force began in January 1918. Opposition to conscription in Quebec resulted in a riot breaking out in between 28 March and 1 April 1918. [10]
Prime Minister Robert Borden had originally promised not to introduce conscription, but now believed it was necessary to win the war. The Military Service Act was passed in July, but there was fierce opposition, mostly from French Canadians (led not only by Bourassa, but also by Wilfrid Laurier), as well as Quakers, Mennonites, and other pacifists.
American upset over Canadian hostility to U.S. non-participation in World War I [18] Poster for U.S. vs Canada charity baseball game in London, U.K. [19] Prosecution's opening statement in trial of Inuk for murder on Coppermine River [20] Modern conveniences would save farm women from lifting tons of water a day [21]
Men lining up outside a recruitment tent in Toronto in 1914. The CEF was mostly volunteers; a bill allowing conscription was passed in August 1917, [1] but not enforced until call-ups began in January 1918 (see Conscription Crisis of 1917); only 24,132 conscripts ended up being sent to France to take part in the final Hundred Days campaign.
The Military Voters Act was introduced in August 1917 and gave the vote to all Canadian sailors and soldiers regardless of their period of residence in the country. Notably, this even included status Indians in the military, a provision which made the 1917 election the only federal election prior to 1960 in which any status Indians could vote.
The Military Service Act was passed in 1917 to increase the men enlisted to replace the casualties in World War I. When it was enforced in on 1 January 1918, riots broke out in Quebec in protest at the act. [1]