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The effect is named after John Ridley Stroop, who first published the effect in English in 1935. [2] The effect had previously been published in Germany in 1929 by other authors. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] [ 5 ] The original paper by Stroop has been one of the most cited papers in the history of experimental psychology , leading to more than 700 Stroop ...
Stimulus–response (S–R) compatibility is the degree to which a person's perception of the world is compatible with the required action. S–R compatibility has been described as the "naturalness" of the association between a stimulus and its response, such as a left-oriented stimulus requiring a response from the left side of the body.
Parallel processing has been linked, by some experimental psychologists, to the stroop effect (resulting from the stroop test where there is a mismatch between the name of a color and the color that the word is written in). [5] In the stroop effect, an inability to attend to all stimuli is seen through people's selective attention. [6]
Stroop effect (perception) (psychological tests) Steric effect (chemical kinetics) (chemical reactions) (collision theory) (molecular geometry) (stereochemistry) Subadditivity effect (cognitive biases) Subject-expectancy effect (cognitive biases) Sunyaev–Zel'dovich effect (physical cosmology) (radio astronomy)
Thus, the emotional Stroop does not involve an effect of conflict between a word meaning and a color of text, but rather appears to capture attention and slow response time due to the emotional relevance of the word for the individual. Both the standard Stroop effect and the emotional Stoop task have high test-retest reliability. [7] [8]
The Stroop color–word task utilizes the Stroop effect to observe the distractor suppression and negative priming. Identification tasks present a set of images, sounds, words, symbols, or letters and require the subject to select the prime target based a particular feature that differentiates the target from the distractor.
The numerical Stroop effect, a concept rooted in cognitive psychology, refers to the interference that occurs when individuals are asked to compare numerical values or physical sizes of digits presented together. The effect arises when there is a mismatch—or incongruity—between the numerical value and the physical size of the digits.
The example of each condition in the numerical Stroop effect task. Other than using achievement tests as diagnostic criteria, researchers often rely on domain-specific tests (i.e. tests of working memory, executive function, inhibition, intelligence, etc.) and teacher evaluations to create a more comprehensive diagnosis.