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Knee effusion, informally known as water on the knee, occurs when excess synovial fluid accumulates in or around the knee joint. It has many common causes, including arthritis , injury to the ligaments or meniscus , or fluid collecting in the bursa , a condition known as prepatellar bursitis .
Septic arthritis is the purulent invasion of a joint by an infectious agent [5] [6] with a resultant large effusion due to inflammation. [7] Septic arthritis is a serious condition. It can lead to irreversible joint damage in the event of delayed diagnosis or mismanagement. It is basically a disease of children and adolescence. [6]
A tibial plateau fracture is a break of the upper part of the tibia (shinbone) that involves the knee joint. [1] This could involve the medial, lateral, central, or bicondylar (medial and lateral). [3] Symptoms include pain, swelling, and a decreased ability to move the knee. [1] People are generally unable to walk. [2]
Removing this excess material via lavage frequently resolves arthritic knee inflammation or pain. [2] Arthroscopic lavage is one of many procedures available to help reverse the damage of early arthritis. There is, however, controversy about the value of simple lavage and debridement for the older patient with established osteoarthritis. [3]
Damage to the saphenous nerve and its infrapatellar branch is possible during medial knee surgery, potentially causing numbness or pain over the medial knee and leg. [7] As with all surgeries, there is a risk of bleeding, wound problems, deep vein thrombosis , and infection that can complicate the outcome and rehabilitation process.
Bilateral varus stress AP radiographs comparing the injured leg to the normal side are useful in assessing the lateral joint space for opening after a potential injury. [ 2 ] [ 13 ] More than a 2.7 mm increase between sides indicates a fibular collateral ligament tear, while greater than 4.0 mm indicates with a grade III posterolateral knee ...
The Lords found that the doctor's standard of care did not fall below that of a reasonable doctor in the circumstances and so the baby was awarded no compensation. Sidaway v Bethlem Royal Hospital Governors [1985] AC 871: The claimant suffered from pain in her neck, right shoulder, and arms. Her neurosurgeon took her consent for cervical cord ...
The sacroiliac joint is a true diarthrodial joint that joins the sacrum to the pelvis. [1] [8] [16] [17] The sacrum connects on the right and left sides to the ilia (pelvic bones) to form the sacroiliac joints. The pelvic girdle is made up of two innominate bones (the iliac bones) and the sacrum.