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Chlamydomonas (/ ˌ k l æ m ɪ ˈ d ɒ m ə n ə s,-d ə ˈ m oʊ-/ KLAM-ih-DOM-ə-nəs, -də-MOH-) is a genus of green algae consisting of about 150 species [2] of unicellular flagellates, found in stagnant water and on damp soil, in freshwater, seawater, and even in snow as "snow algae". [3]
Among protoctists and microscopic animals, a flagellate is an organism with one or more flagella. Some cells in other animals may be flagellate, for instance the spermatozoa of most animal phyla. Flowering plants do not produce flagellate cells, but ferns, mosses, green algae, and some gymnosperms and closely related plants do so. [2]
During cell division, the new cell takes these costal strips as part of cytokinesis and assembles its own lorica using only these previously produced strips. [35] Choanoflagellate biosilicification requires the concentration of silicic acid within the cell. This is carried out by silicon transporter (SiT) proteins.
Cercozoa contains various examples of amoeboflagellates with filose pseudopods, thread-like cell projections also known as filopodia. The cercomonads , glissomonads and paracercomonads behave as amoeboflagellates with two flagella throughout the majority of their life cycle , [ 2 ] [ 4 ] and are essential predators of the soil microbiome . [ 5 ]
Eudorina is a paraphyletic genus in the volvocine green algae clade. [1] Eudorina colonies consist of 16, 32 or 64 individual cells grouped together. Each individual cell contains flagella which allow the colony to move as a whole when the individual cells beat their flagella together. Description by GM Smith (1920, p 95): [2]
The 16-cell Gonium colony shown in the diagram on the right is organized into two concentric squares of respectively 4 and 12 cells, each biflagellated, held together by an extracellular matrix. [51] All flagella point out on the same side: It exhibits a much lower symmetry than Volvox, lacking anterior-posterior symmetry.
Cells can be round, ovoid, elliptical, flattened, compressed, or a combination of these shapes, in which their side lengths can vary in range from 3.5-25 μm. [6] Tetraselmis cells have four flagella of equal length, which emerge from a depression near the apex. [1] In most species, the flagella emerge in pairs and project away from each other. [1]
Brown algae (Phaeophyceae) reproduce both sexually and asexually depending on the species. However, all motile reproductive cells in the Class are flagellated and there are no free-living flagellate organisms. [1] The structure of brown algae varies depending on Family and Genus, thus zoids are produced in a variety of ways.