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Ambroxol is a drug that breaks up phlegm, used in the treatment of respiratory diseases associated with viscid or excessive mucus. Ambroxol is often administered as an active ingredient in cough syrup.
There is a 2- to 3-fold accumulation in levels of domperidone with frequent repeated oral administration of domperidone (four times per day (every 5 hours) for 4 days). [9] The oral bioavailability of domperidone is somewhat increased, and time to peak slightly increased when it is taken with food and bioavailability is decreased by prior ...
Erdosteine is a molecule with mucolytic activity. Structurally it is a thioether derivative with two thioether groups. [1] These two functional organosulfur groups contained in the molecule are released following first-pass metabolism with the conversion of erdosteine into its pharmacologically active metabolite Met-I.
Examples are carbocisteine, ambroxol, and bromhexine. Expectorants are substances claimed to make coughing easier while enhancing the production of mucus and phlegm. Two examples are acetylcysteine and guaifenesin. Antitussives, or cough suppressants, are substances which suppress the coughing itself.
Dopamine receptor flow chart. Dopamine receptors are all G protein–coupled receptors, and are divided into two classes based on which G-protein they are coupled to. [1] The D 1-like class of dopamine receptors is coupled to Gα s/olf and stimulates adenylate cyclase production, whereas the D 2-like class is coupled to Gα i/o and thus inhibits adenylate cyclase production.
Methyldopa acts on alpha-2 adrenergic receptors, which are found on the pre synaptic nerve terminal. [1] This inhibits the release of norepinephrine from the presynaptic neuron. The S-enantiomer of methyldopa is a competitive inhibitor of the enzyme aromatic L -amino acid decarboxylase (LAAD), which converts L -DOPA into dopamine .
Levosulpiride, sold under the brand names Dislep and Sulpepta among others, is a dopamine antagonist medication which is used in the treatment of psychotic disorders like schizophrenia, major depressive disorder, nausea and vomiting, and gastroparesis.
Rabeprazole, sold under the brand name Aciphex, among others, is a medication that decreases stomach acid. [6] It is used to treat peptic ulcer disease, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and excess stomach acid production such as in Zollinger–Ellison syndrome. [6]