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In organic chemistry, an acetyl group is a functional group denoted by the chemical formula −COCH 3 and the structure −C(=O)−CH 3. It is sometimes represented by the symbol Ac [5] [6] (not to be confused with the element actinium). In IUPAC nomenclature, an acetyl group is called an ethanoyl group.
In organic chemistry, an acetal is a functional group with the connectivity R 2 C(OR') 2. Here, the R groups can be organic fragments (a carbon atom, with arbitrary other atoms attached to that) or hydrogen, while the R' groups must be organic fragments not hydrogen. The two R' groups can be equivalent to each other (a "symmetric acetal") or ...
In organic chemistry, a functional group is a substituent or moiety in a molecule that causes the molecule's characteristic chemical reactions. The same functional group will undergo the same or similar chemical reactions regardless of the rest of the molecule's composition.
While the use of the affix mono-is rarely necessary in organic chemistry, it is often essential in inorganic chemistry to avoid ambiguity: carbon oxide could refer to either carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide. In forming compound affixes, the numeral one is represented by the term hen-except when it forms part of the number eleven (undeca-): hence
The spirocyclic core is usually prepared by dialkylation of an activated carbon center. The dialkylating group is often a 1,3-, 1,4-, etc. dihalide. [9] In some cases the dialkylating group is a dilithio reagent, such as 1,5-dilithiopentane. [10]
The α-carbon (alpha-carbon) refers to the first carbon atom that attaches to a functional group, such as a carbonyl. The second carbon atom is called the β-carbon ( beta -carbon), the third is the γ-carbon ( gamma -carbon), and the naming system continues in alphabetical order.
They are prefixed with a number indicating the carbon the group is attached to, counting from the end of the alkane chain. For example, (CH 3 ) 2 CHCH 3 , commonly known as isobutane , is treated as a propane chain with a methyl group bonded to the middle (2) carbon, and given the systematic name 2-methylpropane.
The structure of the acetoxy group blue. In organic chemistry, the acetoxy group (abbr. AcO or OAc; IUPAC name: acetyloxy [1]), is a functional group with the formula −OCOCH 3 and the structure −O−C(=O)−CH 3. As the -oxy suffix implies, it differs from the acetyl group (−C(=O)−CH 3) by the presence of an additional oxygen atom.