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In human anatomy, the lower leg is the part of the lower limb that lies between the knee and the ankle. [1] Anatomists restrict the term leg to this use, rather than to the entire lower limb. [6] The thigh is between the hip and knee and makes up the rest of the lower limb. [1] The term lower limb or lower extremity is commonly used to describe ...
The cranial pair (i.e. closer to the head) of limbs are known as the forelimbs or front legs, and the caudal pair (i.e. closer to the tail or coccyx) are the hindlimbs or back legs. In animals with a more erect bipedal posture (mainly hominid primates, particularly humans), the forelimbs and hindlimbs are often called upper and lower limbs ...
A hindlimb or back limb is one of the paired articulated appendages attached on the caudal end of a terrestrial tetrapod vertebrate's torso. [1] With reference to quadrupeds , the term hindleg or back leg is often used instead.
Skeletons of a human and an elephant. Comparative foot morphology involves comparing the form of distal limb structures of a variety of terrestrial vertebrates.Understanding the role that the foot plays for each type of organism must take account of the differences in body type, foot shape, arrangement of structures, loading conditions and other variables.
For example, the right arm and leg are controlled by the left, contralateral, side of the brain. Ipsilateral (from Latin ipse ' same '): on the same side as another structure. For example, the left arm is ipsilateral to the left leg. [9] Bilateral (from Latin bis ' twice '): on both sides of the body. [9]
Bones of the lower limb, present in both the front and hind legs, include the cannon bone (3rd metacarpal/3rd metatarsal), splint bones (2nd and 4th metacarpal/metatarsal), proximal sesamoid bones, long pastern (proximal or 1st phalanx), short pastern (middle or 2nd phalanx), coffin bone (distal or 3rd phalanx), and navicular bone (distal ...
For a front leg, this is when the lower leg is in front of the horse, i.e. angled forward, while the caudal phase is when the leg is underneath the horse, i.e. angled backward. For a hind leg, the cranial phase occurs when the lower leg is under the body of the horse, and the caudal phase is when the limb is out behind the body of the horse.
In tetrapod anatomy, leg is used to refer to the entire limb. In human medicine, the precise definition refers [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] only to the segment between the knee and the ankle . This lower segment is also called the shank , [ 5 ] [ 6 ] and the front (anterior) of the segment is called the shin or pretibia .