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The duration of nocturnal leg cramps is variable, with cramps lasting anywhere from a few seconds to several minutes. Muscle soreness may remain after the cramp itself ends. These cramps are more common in older people. [13] They happen quite frequently in teenagers and some people while exercising at night.
The cause of spasms is often unknown, but it can be due to an inherited genetic problem, a side effect of medications, Parkinson's disease, a stroke, cerebral palsy or multiple sclerosis. [3] Old age can also cause spasms and cramp. [4] Spasms can occur in dystonia, and in spasticity.
Cadaveric spasm can be distinguished from rigor mortis as the former is a stronger stiffening of the muscles that cannot be easily undone, while rigor mortis can. [ 2 ] The cause is unknown but is usually associated with violent deaths under extreme physical circumstances with intense emotion , such as the circumstances associated with death ...
Counterintuitively, continued exercise may temporarily suppress the soreness. Exercise increases pain thresholds and pain tolerance. This effect, called exercise-induced analgesia, is known to occur in endurance training (running, cycling, swimming), but little is known about whether it also occurs in resistance training. There are claims in ...
When a spasm is caused by another person it is known as a provoked spasm. Shuddering attacks in babies fall in this category. Myoclonic jerks may occur alone or in sequence, in a pattern or without pattern. They may occur infrequently or many times each minute.
Involuntary vaginal contractions may arise from non-sexual causes. Involuntary spasm of the muscles around the vagina, usually caused by anxiety, can result in vaginismus. [4] [5] Vaginal contractions should not be confused with uterine contractions.
A tetanic contraction (also called tetanized state, tetanus, or physiologic tetanus, the latter to differentiate from the disease called tetanus) is a sustained muscle contraction [2] evoked when the motor nerve that innervates a skeletal muscle emits action potentials at a very high rate.
Spastic hypertonia involves uncontrollable muscle spasms, stiffening or straightening out of muscles, shock-like contractions of all or part of a group of muscles, and abnormal muscle tone. It is seen in disorders such as cerebral palsy, stroke, and spinal cord injury. Rigidity is a severe state of hypertonia where muscle resistance occurs ...