Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
Cities were defensive entities, and its citizens were persons who were "economically competent to bear arms, to equip and train themselves." [ 35 ] According to one theorist, the requirement that individual citizen-soldiers provide their own equipment for fighting helped to explain why Western cities evolved the concept of citizenship, while ...
Roman citizens were expected to perform some duties (munera publica) to the state in order to retain their rights as citizens. Failure to perform citizenship duties could result in the loss of privileges, as seen during the Second Punic War when men who refused military service lost their right to vote and were forced out of their voting tribes ...
The new Romanised urban settlements of these client tribes were also called civitates and were usually re-founded close to the site of an old, pre-Roman capital. At Cirencester , for example, the Romans made use of the army base that originally oversaw the nearby tribal oppidum to create a civitas .
Citizen rights were inherited, so children of peregrini who had become citizens were also citizens upon birth. [12] Distinctions between Roman citizens and peregrini continued until 212 AD, when Caracalla (211 AD – 217 AD) extended full Roman citizenship to all free-born men in the empire [13] with the declaration of the Antonine Constitution ...
Coin of Emperor Constantine II (r. 337–340), depicting the emperor on horseback, trampling two barbarians Although Ancient Rome has been termed an 'evidently non-racist society', [23] Romans carried considerable cultural stereotypes and prejudices against cultures and peoples that were not integrated into the Roman world, i.e. "barbarians".
Hoplites (/ ˈ h ɒ p l aɪ t s / HOP-lytes [1] [2] [3]) (Ancient Greek: ὁπλῖται, romanized: hoplîtai [hoplîːtai̯]) were citizen-soldiers of Ancient Greek city-states who were primarily armed with spears and shields. Hoplite soldiers used the phalanx formation to be effective in war with fewer soldiers.
Throughout the history of the Republic, the constitutional evolution was driven by the struggle between the aristocracy and the ordinary citizens. The Roman aristocracy was composed of a class of citizens called Patricians (Latin: patricii), while all other citizens were called Plebeians (Latin: plebs) .
The obligations of citizenship were deeply connected to one's everyday life in the polis. These small-scale organic communities were generally seen as a new development in world history, in contrast to the established ancient civilizations of Egypt or Persia, or the hunter-gatherer bands elsewhere. From the viewpoint of the ancient Greeks, a ...