Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
Cities were defensive entities, and its citizens were persons who were "economically competent to bear arms, to equip and train themselves." [ 35 ] According to one theorist, the requirement that individual citizen-soldiers provide their own equipment for fighting helped to explain why Western cities evolved the concept of citizenship, while ...
Claude Nicolet [2] traces the first word and concept for the citizen at Rome to the first known instance resulting from the synoecism of Romans and Sabines presented in the legends of the Roman Kingdom. According to Livy, [3] the two peoples participated in a ceremony of union after which they were named Quirites after the Sabine town of Cures.
Roman citizens were expected to perform some duties (munera publica) to the state in order to retain their rights as citizens. Failure to perform citizenship duties could result in the loss of privileges, as seen during the Second Punic War when men who refused military service lost their right to vote and were forced out of their voting tribes ...
Citizen rights were inherited, so children of peregrini who had become citizens were also citizens upon birth. [12] Distinctions between Roman citizens and peregrini continued until 212 AD, when Caracalla (211 AD – 217 AD) extended full Roman citizenship to all free-born men in the empire [13] with the declaration of the Antonine Constitution ...
Tragic Comic Masks of Ancient Greek Theatre represented in the Hadrian's Villa mosaic. Thus, the citizens' assembly shared power and prevented lifetime rulers from taking control. Military chiefs were exempt from the short term requirement however and were elected, rather than chosen by lot.
The ancient Sumerians of Mesopotamia were the oldest civilization in the world, beginning about 4000 BCE. Ancient Egypt is an example of an early culture civilization. [1]A civilization (also spelled civilisation in British English) is any complex society characterized by the development of the state, social stratification, urbanization, and symbolic systems of communication beyond signed or ...
Such, through prolonged ages, after the gens appeared, was the substantially universal organization of ancient society; and it remained among the Greeks and Romans after civilization supervened. The second is founded upon territory and upon property, and may be distinguished as a state (civitas).
The obligations of citizenship were deeply connected to one's everyday life in the polis. These small-scale organic communities were generally seen as a new development in world history, in contrast to the established ancient civilizations of Egypt or Persia, or the hunter-gatherer bands elsewhere. From the viewpoint of the ancient Greeks, a ...