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Power factor correction brings the power factor of an AC power circuit closer to 1 by supplying or absorbing reactive power, adding capacitors or inductors that act to cancel the inductive or capacitive effects of the load, respectively. In the case of offsetting the inductive effect of motor loads, capacitors can be locally connected.
Fixed, shunt capacitor and reactor banks filled this need by being deployed where needed. In particular, shunt capacitors switched by circuit breakers provided an effective means to managing varying reactive power requirements due to changing loads. [3] However, this was not without limitations.
Prior to the invention of the SVC, power factor compensation was the preserve of large rotating machines such as synchronous condensers or switched capacitor banks. [5] The SVC is an automated impedance matching device, designed to bring the system closer to unity power factor. SVCs are used in two main situations:
Highest capacitance per volume power capacitor. Self-healing. Broad range of applications such as general-purpose, AC capacitors, motor capacitors, smoothing or filtering, DC links, snubbing or clamping, damping AC, series resonant DC circuits, DC discharge, AC commutation, AC power-factor correction.
A high-voltage capacitor bank used for power-factor correction on a power transmission system In electric power distribution, capacitors are used for power-factor correction . Such capacitors often come as three capacitors connected as a three phase load .
This is traditionally done using shunt capacitors and inductors (reactors), [13] much like Power Factor Correction. The most common shunt compensation device is the Static VAR Compensator (SVC). [14] SVCs use power electronics, generally Thyristors, to switch fixed capacitors and reactors.
A capacitive load bank or capacitor bank is similar to an inductive load bank in rating and purpose, except leading power factor loads are created, so reactive power is supplied from these loads to the system instead of vice versa. Hence for a mostly inductive load this can bring the power factor closer to unity improving the quality of supply.
In electric power distribution, capacitors are used for power factor correction. Such capacitors often come as three capacitors connected as a three-phase Electrical load. Usually, the values of these capacitors are given not in farads but rather as a reactive power in volt-amperes reactive (VAr).