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PDFtk (short for PDF Toolkit) is a toolkit for manipulating Portable Document Format (PDF) documents. [3] [4] It runs on Linux, Windows and macOS. [5] It comes in three versions: PDFtk Server (open-source command-line tool), PDFtk Free and PDFtk Pro (proprietary paid). [2] It is able to concatenate, shuffle, split and rotate PDF files.
PDF-XChange Viewer (now superseded by the PDF-XChange Editor) is a freemium PDF reader for Microsoft Windows. It supports saving PDF forms and importing or exporting form data in FDF/XFDF format. Since version 2.5, there has been partial support for XFA, and exporting form data in XML Data Package (XDP) or XML format.
A diagram of a bitcoin transfer. The bitcoin protocol is the set of rules that govern the functioning of bitcoin.Its key components and principles are: a peer-to-peer decentralized network with no central oversight; the blockchain technology, a public ledger that records all bitcoin transactions; mining and proof of work, the process to create new bitcoins and verify transactions; and ...
2 File transfer protocols used by only one application. ... Advanced Peer-to-Peer Networking (APPN) ... Bitcoin: Bitcoin, Alt-Coins See also
On 18 August 2008, he or a colleague registered the domain name bitcoin.org, [10] and created a web site at that address. On 31 October, Nakamoto published a white paper on the cryptography mailing list at metzdowd.com describing a digital cryptocurrency, titled "Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System". [11] [12] [13]
On 31 October 2008, a link to a white paper authored by Satoshi Nakamoto titled Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System was posted to a cryptography mailing list. [16] Nakamoto implemented the bitcoin software as open-source code and released it in January 2009. [6] Nakamoto's identity remains unknown. [5]
In computing, and specifically peer-to-peer file sharing, seeding is the uploading of already downloaded content for others to download from. A peer, a computer that is connected to the network, becomes a seed when having acquired the entire set of data, it begins to offer its upload bandwidth to other peers attempting to download the file.
An anonymous P2P communication system is a peer-to-peer distributed application in which the nodes, which are used to share resources, or participants are anonymous or pseudonymous. [1] Anonymity of participants is usually achieved by special routing overlay networks that hide the physical location of each node from other participants.