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  2. Vitamin B12 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_B12

    Vitamin B 12 is absorbed by a B 12-specific transport proteins or via passive diffusion. [12] Transport-mediated absorption and tissue delivery is a complex process involving three transport proteins: haptocorrin (HC), intrinsic factor (IF) and transcobalamin II (TC2), and respective membrane receptor proteins. HC is present in saliva.

  3. Intrinsic factor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intrinsic_factor

    In pigs it is obtained from the pylorus and beginning of the duodenum; [12] in human beings it is present in the fundus and body of the stomach. [ 13 ] The limited amount of normal human gastric intrinsic factor limits normal efficient absorption of B 12 to about 2 μg per meal, a nominally adequate intake of B 12 .

  4. Haptocorrin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haptocorrin

    6947 n/a Ensembl ENSG00000134827 n/a UniProt P20061 n/a RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001062 n/a RefSeq (protein) NP_001053 n/a Location (UCSC) Chr 11: 59.85 – 59.87 Mb n/a PubMed search n/a Wikidata View/Edit Human Haptocorrin (HC) also known as transcobalamin-1 (TC-1) or cobalophilin is a transcobalamin protein that in humans is encoded by the TCN1 gene. One essential function of haptocorrin is ...

  5. Vitamin B12 total synthesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_B12_total_synthesis

    The structure of vitamin B 12 was the first low-molecular weight natural product determined by x-ray analysis rather than by chemical degradation. Thus, while the structure of this novel type of complex biomolecule was established, its chemistry remained essentially unknown; exploration of this chemistry became one of the tasks of the vitamin's chemical synthesis.

  6. 4 important things vitamin B12 does to your brain and body - AOL

    www.aol.com/news/4-important-things-vitamin-b12...

    Vitamin B12 plays a particularly important role in creating red blood cells, which transport oxygen throughout the body, and DNA. 4 important things vitamin B12 does to your brain and body Skip to ...

  7. The Top Signs You Have a Vitamin B12 Deficiency - AOL

    www.aol.com/top-sign-vitamin-b12-deficiency...

    One of the superpowers of vitamin B12 is that it is the only water-soluble vitamin that can be stored in the human body, Kitchens points out, and it can remain stored in the liver for several years.

  8. Small intestine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small_intestine

    Vitamin B12 and bile salts are absorbed in the terminal ileum. Vitamin B12 will only be absorbed by the ileum after binding to a protein known as intrinsic factor. Water is absorbed by osmosis and lipids by passive diffusion throughout the small intestine. Sodium bicarbonate is absorbed by active transport and glucose and amino acid co-transport

  9. How vitamin B12 could give you an energy boost - AOL

    www.aol.com/finance/vitamin-b12-could-energy...

    That includes folks with an autoimmune disorder called pernicious anemia, who are unable to absorb B12, and people who take a lot of over-the-counter stomach-acid reducers, like famotidine ...

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