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Note that Hindi–Urdu transliteration schemes can be used for Punjabi as well, for Gurmukhi (Eastern Punjabi) to Shahmukhi (Western Punjabi) conversion, since Shahmukhi is a superset of the Urdu alphabet (with 2 extra consonants) and the Gurmukhi script can be easily converted to the Devanagari script.
Since the early twentieth century Khowar has been written in the Khowar alphabet, which is based on the Urdu alphabet and uses the Nasta'liq script. Prior to that, the language was carried on through oral tradition. Today Urdu and English are the official languages and the only major literary usage of Khowar is in both poetry and prose composition.
Standard Hindi (also High Hindi, Manak Hindi) is the language of the government and is one of the official languages of India, Standard Urdu is the state language and national language of Pakistan, Dakhini is the historical literary dialect of the Deccan region, and Rekhta the "mixed" Hindustani of medieval poetry. [12]
Taasir Delhi, Ranchi, Patna, Muzaffarpur editions are RNI-certified circulations.. Central Bureau of Communication https://cbcindia.gov.in/ (Under Ministry of Information & Broadcasting, Government of India), erstwhile DAVP, has already empanelled Delhi, Ranchi, Patna, Muzaffarpur, Howrah, Chennai, Bangalore, Guwahati, Mumbai, Bhagalpur, Gangtok, and Bhopal editions of Taasir and has fixed ...
Dear Anonymous User, Haryanvi is a relatively modern language -- it refers to the dialect of Hindi that is spoken in what is called Haryana today. "Haryanvi" doesn't refer to all the langauges that were spoken in what is now called Haryana in the ancient times. It wasn't spoken in the times of Harshavardhana.
The Punjabi dialects and languages or Greater Panjabic are a series of dialects and Indo-Aryan languages spoken around the Punjab region of Pakistan and India with varying degrees of official recognition. [7]
These Persian and Arabic loanwords form 25% of Urdu's vocabulary. [10] [23] As a form of Hindustani and a member of the Western Hindi category of Indo-Aryan languages, [22] 75% of Urdu words have their etymological roots in Sanskrit and Prakrit, [10] [24] [25] and approximately 99% of Urdu verbs have their roots in Sanskrit and Prakrit. [23] [26]
4. ^ Hindi-Urdu, and other non-Dardic Indo-Aryan languages, also sometimes utilize a "verb second" order (similar to Kashmiri and English) for dramatic effect. [46] Yeh ek ghoṛā hain is the normal conversational form in Hindi-Urdu. Yeh hain ek ghoṛā is also grammatically correct but indicates a dramatic revelation or other surprise. This ...