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Christianity is the predominant religion in the Philippines, [1] with the Catholic Church being its largest denomination. Sizeable minorities adhering to Islam , Dharmic religions ( Buddhism and Hinduism ), and indigenous Philippine folk religions (Anito or Anitism) are also present.
The culture of the Philippines is characterized by great ethnic diversity. [1] Although the multiple ethnic groups of the Philippine archipelago have only recently established a shared Filipino national identity, [2] their cultures were all shaped by the geography and history of the region, [3] [4] and by centuries of interaction with neighboring cultures, and colonial powers.
Moreover, the island world of Indonesia, with Sumatra and Java controlling the traffic of trade, functioned as a sieve for whatever influence (cultural, social, and commercial) India might have had to offer beyond the Indonesian archipelago.[...]Thus, it can be said that Indian Influence filtered into the Philippines only indirectly." [39]: 139
The Rizalist religious movement ranged from colorums which were prevalent during the 1920s up to the 1930s to Philippine Benevolent Missionaries Association, which was led by Ruben Ecleo. [4] Among these movements are the Iglesia Sagarada Familia (lit. ' Church of the Holy Family '), Lipi ni Rizal (lit. ' Clan of Rizal '), Pilipinas Watawat (lit.
The book was burned by order of the Spanish. The scholar Beyer also noted of the time when a Spanish priest boasted about burning indigenous religious writings, specifically "more than three hundred scrolls written in the native character". Even Chinese sources maintain the existence of indigenous religious texts from the Philippines.
In order to achieve this, Spain had three principal objectives in its policy towards the Philippines: the first was to secure Spanish control and acquisition of a share in the spice trade; use the islands in developing contact with Japan and China in order to further Christian missionaries’ efforts there; and lastly to spread their religion. [14]
The profusion of different terms arises from the fact that these Indigenous religions mostly flourished in the pre-colonial period before the Philippines had become a single nation. [8] The various peoples of the Philippines spoke different languages and thus used different terms to describe their religious beliefs.
Similarly, the major epics and folk literature of Philippines show common themes, plots, climax and ideas expressed in the Mahabharata and the Ramayana. [11] According to Indologists Juan R. Francisco and Josephine Acosta Pasricha, Hindu influences and folklore arrived in Philippines by about 9th to 10th century AD. [12]