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By taking the cheese through a series of maturation stages where temperature and relative humidity are carefully controlled, the cheese maker allows the surface mould to grow and the mould ripening of the cheese by fungi to occur. Mould-ripened cheeses ripen faster than hard cheeses, in weeks as opposed to the typical months or even years. [8]
First, moisture evaporates, changing the texture of the cheese. The longer cheese is aged, the harder it will become. A young gouda aged for just a few months will still be creamy, for example ...
Parmesan cheese, a hard cheese originally from the Italian province of Parma. Hard cheeses are packed tightly into forms (usually wheels) and aged for months or years until their moisture content is significantly less than half of their weight, leading to a firm and granular texture. Most of the whey is removed before pressing the curd.
Washed-rind cheeses can be soft , semi-hard, or hard (Appenzeller). The same bacteria can also have some effect on cheeses that are simply ripened in humid conditions, like Camembert. The process requires regular washings, particularly in the early stages of production, making it quite labor-intensive compared to other methods of cheese production.
Cooking of curds, during the manufacture of cheddar cheese. The curd is cooked by adding hot water to the jacket of the vat (up to 39 °C or 102 °F). The curd is stirred constantly during this step to avoid uneven cooking or overcooking, and the cooking will only take 20–60 minutes.
Pro tip: The pan should be on medium heat. If the heat is too low, the cheese will simply melt. If the heat is too high, the cheese will burn.
For improvements in flavor and texture, it is widely advised that cheeses be allowed to warm up to room temperature before eating. If the cheese is further warmed, to 26–32 °C (79–90 °F), the fats will begin to "sweat out" as they go beyond soft to fully liquid. [49] Above room temperatures, most hard cheeses melt.
Grana Padano is a cheese originating in the Po Valley, in northern Italy.It is similar to Parmesan but with less strict regulations governing its production. [1] This hard, crumbly-textured cheese is made with unpasteurized cows' milk that is semi-skimmed.