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Ethylene glycol is produced from ethylene (ethene), via the intermediate ethylene oxide. Ethylene oxide reacts with water to produce ethylene glycol according to the chemical equation. C 2 H 4 O + H 2 O → HO−CH 2 CH 2 −OH. This reaction can be catalyzed by either acids or bases, or can occur at neutral pH under elevated temperatures. The ...
The main component of deicing fluid is a freezing point depressant (FPD), usually propylene glycol or ethylene glycol. Other ingredients vary depending on the manufacturer, but the exact composition of a particular brand of fluid is generally held as confidential proprietary information.
The most common source of ethylene glycol is automotive antifreeze or radiator coolant, where concentrations are high. [9] Other sources of ethylene glycol include windshield deicing agents, brake fluid, motor oil, developing solutions for hobby photographers, wood stains, solvents, and paints. [9]
The differences between additives for fracking in different countries are the type of chemicals used (hazardous, non-hazardous), the disclosure of chemicals and the composition of fracturing fluid. In 2010, Halliburton announced the creation of food additive based hydraulic fracturing fluid in response to calls for transparency and demand for a ...
Soluble in water and readily biodegradable, liquid PEGs have the advantage of negligible volatility (< 0.01 mmHg or < 1.3 Pa at 20 °C). [27] PEGs are synthesized from ethylene glycol and ethylene oxide, both of which are petrochemical-derived molecules, though ethylene glycol from renewable sources is commercially available. [28]
A cold fuel flows over some parts of the engine, absorbing its waste heat and being preheated before combustion. Kerosene and other jet fuels frequently serve in this role in aviation engines. Liquid hydrogen is used to cool nozzles of rocket engines. Waterless coolant is used as an alternative to conventional water and ethylene
"In terms of hazardous waste, a landfill is defined as a disposal facility or part of a facility where hazardous waste is placed or on land and which is not a pile, a land treatment facility, a surface impoundment, an underground injection well, a salt dome formation, a salt bed formation, an underground mine, a cave, or a corrective action ...
A paint thinner is a diluent solvent used to dilute oil-based paints or varnish. [1] [2] In this context, to dilute is also known as to 'thin'.Organic solvents labelled "paint thinner" are usually white spirits / mineral spirits for use to dilute oil-based paints only.