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Dysautonomia, autonomic failure, or autonomic dysfunction is a condition in which the autonomic nervous system (ANS) does not work properly. This condition may affect the functioning of the heart , bladder , intestines , sweat glands , pupils , and blood vessels.
Typical symptoms include gastrointestinal dysmotility, orthostatic hypotension, and tonic pupils. [1] Many cases have a sudden onset, but others worsen over time, resembling degenerative forms of autonomic dysfunction. For milder cases, supportive treatment is used to manage symptoms. [2]
Familial dysautonomia (FD), also known as Riley–Day syndrome, is a rare, [2] progressive, [3] recessive genetic disorder of the autonomic nervous system [2] that affects the development and survival of sensory, sympathetic, and some parasympathetic neurons in the autonomic and sensory nervous system.
Autonomic neuropathy (AN or AAN) is a form of polyneuropathy that affects the non-voluntary, non-sensory nervous system (i.e., the autonomic nervous system), affecting mostly the internal organs such as the bladder muscles, the cardiovascular system, the digestive tract, and the genital organs. These nerves are not under a person's conscious ...
Sudomotor dysfunction is one of the most common and earliest neurophysiological manifestations of small fiber neuropathies. [3] In some instances, the small fibers of the autonomic nervous system can be affected, leading to urinary or bowel problems, episodes of rapid heartbeat (palpitations), dry eyes or mouth, or abnormal sweating.
A photograph of a child who has been diagnosed with ROHHAD: Symptoms: rapid onset obesity, hypothalamic dysfunction, hypoventilation, autonomic dysfunction, neuroendocrine tumors, behavior problems: Usual onset: 1.5-11 years of age: Causes: unknown: Prognosis: Life Limiting: Frequency: 158 cases reported worldwide
Orthostatic intolerance (OI) is the development of symptoms when standing upright that are relieved when reclining. [1] There are many types of orthostatic intolerance. OI can be a subcategory of dysautonomia, a disorder of the autonomic nervous system [2] occurring when an individual stands up. [3]
In primary dysautonomias, the autonomic dysfunction occurs as a primary condition (as opposed to resulting from another disease). [1] Autonomic failure is categorized as "primary" when believed to result from a chronic condition characterized by degeneration of the autonomic nervous system, or where autonomic failure is the predominant symptom ...