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Frangula purshiana (cascara, cascara buckthorn, cascara sagrada, bearberry, and in the Chinook Jargon, chittem stick and chitticum stick; syn. Rhamnus purshiana) is a species of plant in the family Rhamnaceae. It is native to western North America from southern British Columbia south to central California, and eastward to northwestern Montana.
Rhamnus cathartica is a deciduous, dioecious shrub or small tree growing up to 10 metres (33 ft) tall, with grey-brown bark and often thorny branches. The leaves are elliptic to oval, 25–90 mm (1– 3 + 1 ⁄ 2 in) long and 12–35 mm (1 ⁄ 2 – 1 + 3 ⁄ 8 in) broad; they are green, turning yellow in autumn, have toothed margins, and are arranged somewhat variably in opposite to ...
When the berries are pressed, the resulting sea buckthorn juice separates into three layers: on top is a thick, orange cream; in the middle, a layer containing sea buckthorn's characteristic high content of saturated and polyunsaturated fats; and the bottom layer is sediment and juice.
Given that berries are also hard to wash without damaging the fruit, keeping them free of contamination usually starts from the time they’re picked, Detwiler says. (However, it's important to ...
The berries are edible, and the seeds inside have been used to make coffee substitute with limited success. [36] However, the bark of cascara, another member of the genus Frangula, is toxic. [37] Native Americans of the west coast of North America had several uses for the plant as food, and used parts of it as a traditional medicinal plant. [11]
Rhamnus pumila, dwarf buckthorn. Rhamnus is a genus of about 140 accepted species of shrubs or small trees, commonly known as buckthorns, in the family Rhamnaceae.Its species range from 1 to 10 m (3 to 33 ft) tall (rarely to 15 m, 50 ft) and are native mainly in east Asia and North America, but found throughout the temperate and subtropical Northern Hemisphere, and also more locally in the ...
All parts are poisonous, especially the berries, the consumption of which has a sedative effect on cardiac muscle tissue and can cause cardiac arrest. [citation needed] Adenium obesum: sabi star, kudu, desert-rose Apocynaceae: The plant exudes a highly toxic sap which is used by the Meridian High and Hadza in Tanzania to coat arrow-tips for ...
The plant’s unripe berries can be especially dangerous, causing central nervous system and gastrointestinal symptoms, including delirium, abdominal pain, fever, vomiting, paralysis and more ...