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Babel is a free and open-source JavaScript transcompiler that is mainly used to convert ECMAScript 2015+ (ES6+) code into backwards-compatible JavaScript code that can be run by older JavaScript engines. It allows web developers to take advantage of the newest features of the language. [4]
First edition based on JavaScript 1.1 as implemented in Netscape Navigator 3.0. [1] Guy L. Steele Jr. 2 June 1998 Editorial changes to keep the specification fully aligned with ISO/IEC 16262:1998. Mike Cowlishaw: 3 December 1999 Based on JavaScript 1.2 as implemented in Netscape Navigator 4.0. [2]
Since ES 2015, transpiling JavaScript has become very common. Transpilation is a source-to-source compilation in which newer versions of JavaScript are used, and a transpiler rewrites the source code so that it is supported by older browsers. Usually, transpilers transpile down to ES3 to maintain compatibility with all versions of browsers.
CL-JavaScript: Can compile JavaScript to machine language on Common Lisp implementations that compile to machine language. [11] BESEN: A complete JIT-compiling implementation of ECMAScript Fifth Edition written in Object Pascal. [12] Hermes: developed by Facebook for React Native mobile apps [13] Can also be used independent from React Native.
CommonJS's specification of how modules should work is widely used today for server-side JavaScript with Node.js. [1] It is also used for browser-side JavaScript, but that code must be packaged with a transpiler since browsers don't support CommonJS. [1]
A snippet of JavaScript code with keywords highlighted in different colors. The syntax of JavaScript is the set of rules that define a correctly structured JavaScript program. The examples below make use of the log function of the console object present in most browsers for standard text output.
Though most polyfills target out-of-date browsers, some exist to simply push modern browsers forward a little bit more. Lea Verou's -prefix-free polyfill is such a polyfill, allowing current browsers to recognise the unprefixed versions of several CSS3 properties instead of requiring the developer to write out all the vendor prefixes.
React code is made of entities called components. [14]: 10–12 These components are modular and reusable. [14]: 70 React applications typically consist of many layers of components. The components are rendered to a root element in the DOM using the React DOM library.