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In Spanish, word-initial /f/ changed to /h/ during its Medieval stage and was lost afterwards (for example farina > harina). [78] Romanian acquired it most likely from the adstrate. [79] Consonant length is no longer phonemically distinctive in most Romance languages.
Romanian speakers account for 0.5% of the world's population, [40] and 4% of the Romance-speaking population of the world. [41] Romanian is the single official and national language in Romania and Moldova, although it shares the official status at regional level with other languages in the Moldovan autonomies of Gagauzia and Transnistria.
In linguistics, lexical similarity is a measure of the degree to which the word sets of two given languages are similar. A lexical similarity of 1 (or 100%) would mean a total overlap between vocabularies, whereas 0 means there are no common words. There are different ways to define the lexical similarity and the results vary accordingly.
Slavic loanwords make up more than 10% of the Romanian terms related to speech and language, to basic actions and technology, to time, to the physical world, to possession and to motion. [26] Some loanwords were used to name new objects or concepts. [ 27 ]
Similarly, Spanish and Portuguese also have about 89% lexical overlap. Spanish and Romanian overlap less, about 67%, because while Spanish and Portuguese have undergone Arabic influence, Romanian has undergone many different influences over the years, particularly from the Slavic languages and Greek.
This created a contrast with the languages near the periphery (which include Spanish, Portuguese, Italian and Romanian) which are deemed as "conservative". [5] Sardinian is generally acknowledged as the most conservative Romance languages, at least from a phonetic point of view.
While Romanian is the only official language at the national and local level, there are over 30 living languages identified as being spoken within Romania (5 of these are indigenous). [7] The Romanian laws include linguistic rights for all minority groups that form over 20% of a locality's population based on the census from 1992.
Because of the nature of onomatopoeia, there are many words which show a similar pronunciation in the languages of the world. The following is a list of some conventional examples: The following is a list of some conventional examples: