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Indole can also be metabolized by the liver into indoxyl sulfate, a compound that is toxic in high concentrations and associated with vascular disease and renal dysfunction. [2] AST-120 ( activated charcoal ), an intestinal sorbent that is taken by mouth , adsorbs indole, in turn decreasing the concentration of indoxyl sulfate in blood plasma.
Its IUPAC name is 6-methoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-β-carboline, usually abbreviated as 6-MeO-THBC, and its more common name is a combination of "pineal beta-carboline". [2] The biological activity of this molecule is of interest as a potential free radical scavenger, also known as an antioxidant , [ 3 ] and as a monoamine oxidase A inhibitor.
Nabumetone is a non-acidic NSAID prodrug that is rapidly metabolized in the liver to the active metabolite, 6-methoxy-2-naphthyl acetic acid. Nabumetone's active metabolite inhibits the cyclooxygenase enzyme and preferentially blocks COX-2 activity (which is indirectly responsible for the production of inflammation and pain during arthritis).
6-MeO-THH, or 6-methoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroharman, is a β-carboline (or more specifically a pinoline) derivative and a structural isomer of tetrahydroharmine (7-MeO-THH). 6-MeO-THH is mentioned in Alexander Shulgin's book TiHKAL (Tryptamines I Have Known and Loved), stating that 6-MeO-THH is very similar to the other carbolines. [1]
7-Methoxy-1-methyl-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole Harmine is a reversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase A (RIMA). [17] Harmaline: C 13 H 14 N 2 O; 4,9-Dihydro-7-methoxy-1-methyl-3H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole Harmaline is also a RIMA. [18] Harmalol: C 12 H 12 N 2 O; 1-Methyl-4,9-dihydro-3H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-7-ol. Tetrahydroharmine: C 13 H 16 N 2 O; 1,2,3,4 ...
Meclofenoxate (INN, BAN; brand name Lucidril, also known as centrophenoxine) is a cholinergic nootropic used as a dietary supplement. [2] [3] [4] It is an ester of dimethylethanolamine (DMAE) and 4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (pCPA). In elderly patients, meclofenoxate has been shown to improve performance on certain memory tests. [5]
MN-25 (UR-12) is a drug invented by Bristol-Myers Squibb, [1] that acts as a reasonably selective agonist of peripheral cannabinoid receptors. [2] It has moderate affinity for CB 2 receptors with a K i of 11 nM, but 22x lower affinity for the psychoactive CB 1 receptors with a K i of 245 nM.
The general structure of melatonin is the indole ring with methoxy group in position 5 (5-methoxy group) and acylaminoethyl side-chain in position 3. [1] The two side-chains are important for binding to and activating the receptors. [3] The indole ring has been evaluated at all positions by the effect of substitutions as seen in Figure 1. [1]